If these unemployment benefits were paid out UBI-style, regardless of current employment, there wouldn't be a disincentive to find work.
They might either go out of business or automate those roles if they can't afford to pay blue collar workers a living wage. I'm not a socialist, but some business do rip off low income workers. So they might as well cease to exist if they can't find workers to rip off, instead of claiming that people are lazy.
I think your new marginal rate only applies to anything over the limit that bumped you into a new tax bracket, so I don’t think this is right. A raise always gets you more money.
The exception being if it bumps you out of the government assisted healthcare bracket. Then, a raise could indeed be a loss.
Edit: I thought you were talking about income tax, but you might have been talking about business subsidies, which I know nothing about.
How much is it normally? Definitely not 0%. Also, what's "government payments"? Does it include wages to government employees, for instance?
(I expect the figure is higher than normal, I'm just not sure from this how much higher)
Sorry if I'm missing your point...
But in addition, unemployed people have been getting unprecedented amounts of weekly Unemployment Insurance payments. In normal times, you can only get these for a few months while proving that you are actively looking for work. During the pandemic, these have been extended and greatly increased, and the government has mostly stopped checking whether people were really looking for work. The normal rules are going to go back into effect soon, though.