Yes, there would be issues implementing it in the US in exactly the same way. The current situation here, though, isn't working. Many people are unable to find employment because of the broad availability of not just conviction data, but arrest data too. And not just for felonies, but misdemeanors also. And companies are incented, via "right to work" type laws to just avoid anyone with any kind of record. Perhaps there's some government entity other than the police here that could be trusted with something like this.