There is only one way forward: The external costs of the economic activity must be internalised. There are two solutions to achieve that outcome. Taxation or handing out a limited number of emission permits that are traded with a market price.
Everything else is a waste of time/money as there are people on this planet who would do everything to make a profit. Therefore the only solution is to make the profit achieved by really dirty operations go away.
Further, CO2 emission and climate change is not the biggest problem of the humanity. Loss of biodiversity is maybe even worse as it is never ever reversible.