Isn't Google doing the same or less based on only browser data? How does each solution differ in entropy? I didn't get that from Apple's policy page. I am genuinely trying to understand and this isn't a snarky comment.
In Apple's world, Apple owns the supply side ad surfaces, Apple maintains the segmentation and mapping, and Apple mediates the demand side.
What does an advertiser see? Pretty much nothing.
You can learn more about how safari protects you by reading these blog posts.