That sounds like a pretty frustrating bug to try to find and fix. No type-level feature that I'm aware of could prevent this issue directly. What you're describing is pretty high-level business logic. While I've seen some pretty impressive demos with dependent types, nothing that I know of could handle this.
I don't know much at all about the structure of your application, and it's hard to speculate, but what strikes me is your live and snapshotted data have the same shape/type and seem to be interchangeable for the compiler/interpreter, but are very different to you and your customers. The engineer creating that screen may have had the forethought at the outset to say "this should never deal with live data, only snapshots", so that warning probably gets put in a comment, but there's very little to stop someone from later passing in the live data that you definitely don't want.
There's a feature in Haskell (and similar languages e.g. PureScript) called newtype declarations. They're a lightweight way you can tag and optionally limit access to your data. You essentially tell the compiler "this is a new and distinct type that can wrap the original one". The original and newtype are not interchangeable, and an attempt to do so won't compile.
Having that feature I'm in the habit whenever I recognize overloaded meanings encoded with the same type (e.g. live/snapshot) of wrapping one of them in a newtype, and before I even implement application logic, I write out the signatures and specify which type I actually want. They add a bit of tediousness, but they have saved me many times, and I've never regretted using them.