i have a bit of experience with twisted and must say it's pretty world class. it has great streaming APIs, really convenient APIs for working with processes, in addition to a solid networking library where you can either build your own protocols or use existing ones.
to say "it failed at scale" is ridiculous. i can point to a number of institutions with plenty of twisted code in production, moving hundreds of GB a day of data.
the only reason it would seem "failed" or "obscure" is that node.js has a huge fad aspect to it where people blog about and evangelize it constantly. most things in software don't have a fraction of the hype or exposure but that's not really due to technical shortcomings or lack of use.