Easy: give the individual states more responsibility. This has already begun. There is really no reason why California and Alabama need to have 100% of the same laws on highly contentious issues.
It's not called the United States for nothing.
It's not called the United States for nothing.
Ditto for the other issues mentioned in your comment. The lines you’ve used (“control of their bodies, Jim Crow”) are indications that you get your information from propagandistic sources.
If states had more variation, I think you'd see less polarization, because the threat of a federal decision applying to everyone is far less of a worry.