More specifically, retroactive data structures[0] are an interesting lens for thinking about bitemporality. After watching some great Erik Demaine lectures on temporal data structures I wrote a bit about the relationship to bitemporality on the Crux site[1]. (Crux being a bitemporal database with graph-friendly Datalog queries)

> In summary, the Crux indexes as a whole could be described as a "partially persistent and fully retroactive data structure".

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retroactive_data_structure

[1] https://opencrux.com/articles/bitemporality.html#_retroactiv...

And for the rest of us there's always ConcurrentSkipListMaps.