I am currently learning a lot about the cellular Integrated Stress Response for my research. It is fascinating. There is one curious problem I particularly love. Even though a lot of neuronal communication can be through transient calcium signaling, the ISR is also signaled through calcium. Because they use the same signal, it makes sense that something like overactive neurons could eventually lead to stress. And yet somehow the two signals are differentiated.
It really shows how everything in biology is basically a gaussian curve and you always want to be near the center, but if you steer too far towards either end things start to break down.