The 80-90% numbers are for symptomatic Covid. The protection against hospitalization/death seems to be close to 100%, which is fantastic news.
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7013e3.htm?s_cid=mm...
Ideally you can protect them by suppressing the virus by herd immunity, which I think is actually a viable prospect with these vaccines.