Not exactly an example, but the pharma industry has shown a complete lack of interest in pursuing phage therapy, even though it could help solve the problem of antibiotic resistance, because phages cannot be patented.
I’ve heard phage therapy is very individual and cannot be scaled as a reason for slow adoption.
If the profit incentive was removed (let’s say government paid same flat rate for a lifetime supply of treatment, whether it be a cure or a reoccurring pill) I have no doubt more cures would be discovered
Anecdotal, but I heard it from a reasearcher working in pharma that the company stopped developing a drug that cured some condition that another branch of the company had a treatment for.