How the United States Lost to Hackers
nytimes.com
nytimes.com
It's harder to mobilize an army, let alone a draft, when your people are rioting and looting for lack of basic services. The good news is we won't see another personnel heavy gulf war or vietnam again, but the terrible news is adversaries know it's almost democratically impossible for the U.S. to fight a total ground war anymore and this will embolden regional border conflicts where raw numbers of infantry soldiers are an advantage. See China's current aggression in international waters and on its border with India as an example where there is a hard ceiling on the level of U.S. intervention because cyber has unbalanced the risk/reward.
Perhaps its only option is to keep escalating aggression and putting pressure on adversaries so they don't have the attention to devote to their regional ambitions, where the role changes from global cop, to a global "broken windows" and "stop and frisk" policing policy.
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/28/us/politics/china-india-h...
Actually securing systems would require a massive rethink of systems architecture and replacing many hundreds of millions or billions of lines of existing code.
MAD doesn't work with non-state actors, and it only works with state actors if you're actually willing to go to the mat, which I don't think the US is.
So what does that leave? Hope? Not much of a strategy.
Open Source everything that is IT in government - from the basic design specifications to actual infrastructure configuration - and pay sizeable bug bounties (to the tune of at least 100k per bug) to incentivize third party experts is a very valid strategy.
It is also a great way to get contributions/feedback for improvement ideas from actual experts in the field instead of from some random freshly graduated junior that's sold as a senior consultant by the contractor.
It's ridiculous that many billions of dollars of taxpayer money are spent every year for proprietary software or, worse, hardware that cannot even be audited by independent third parties.
A side effect of a full OSS strategy would also be that waste (e.g. ridiculous/incomplete specs, "deliverables" that don't match these specifications, unrealistic timetables) can get uncovered and tracked by the public.
Given enough eyeballs and sunlight, all issues will eventually be found out. As citizens, we should demand transparency from our respective governments instead of knowing that there are issues and hope our enemies don't discover them.
Bug bounties might work if one could be sure that the availability of the bounties was not a significant incentive for creation of the bugs. Demand finds more ways to drive supply than you or I can imagine.
I don't see how paying $100k bug bounties and requiring open source can even make a dent when the same government is paying $millions on cyber offense.
If we worked on a system to whitelist proven safe input, then we would be a lot safer.
What interests me is that we are essentially in an opposite of WWI: attacking is extremely easy, defense is very hard. I am not sure that this helps, but perhaps that can give some suggestions.
It could be argued we're saying the same thing, but your statement has subtle undertones of "IT is failing to do what they're paid to do" instead of the reality of "executives and board members are focused on absolute profit and don't have any legal or financial consequences to being hacked".
Most C-levels that have left "as a result of a breach" for the incidents in the past decade do so with a massive golden parachute. Then after a vacation go work for another company with no consequences. They're actively rewarded for this behavior right now.
Certainly none of our big C++ platform software has really made any headway on completely removing memory security bugs.
The answer: a huge number of foreign citizens, possibly agents, nobody knows, working in the US tech sector, and several domestic agencies that each separately and secretly compel those companies to pay those employees to install back doors, and then kick them out of the country in exchange for a new batch of younger and cheaper employees.
I remember when I used to think that hackers ‘found’ bugs. Silly.