The Israelis paid more[1] and placed orders earlier than the EU; it's not surprising their orders are higher priority.

[1] (https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-said-to-be-paying-avera...)

Israel got priority by being 'just right' sized with an efficient healthcare system and being able to demonstrate the ability to organise a mass vaccination as quickly as possible. As such they acted as a very large scale test of what we can expect as the number of people vaccinated increases.

I don't think this is particularly to the detriment of Germany. Wasn't Israel vaccinating people before Germany had approved any vaccination?

I mean did they expect a lot with just that? The USA was willing to commit to billions if they delivered.