I'm not sure about the OCR example, but there are information / sampling theory limits on what can be discerned in an image, based on sampling rate (pixels basically) and optics. Any extrapolation outside these limits is proveably guessing.

Edit - re OCR do you mean e.g. from a picture of a blurred license plate we could rule in or out a subset of possible numbers, depending on how blurred, like a B could be a 8 but not a L? (And sorry if your example is unrelated). This is valid, and unrelated to super resolution, you can do this analysis with Nyquist and point spread functions.