It wasn't based on a public, distributed block chain, but it was a kind of a block chain (without PoW, PoS etc. - which you don't need if it's run by a single actor). The way they built trust was that they did publish their hash (tip of the block chain) I think in the (printed) Financial Times periodically. That made it impossible even for them to forge the chain.
Adding in the 'contracts' nature of it to commit to a wager on the prediction.
There are lots of ways to do it. One of them would be for Fuuture to publish the hash to literally anywhere.
Public + cryptographically verifiable + distributed + append-only still does not equal blockchain, as long as we're defining blockchain as something that was not invented before 2009.
The extra governance layer that makes it a blockchain is also not trivial.