It is a little old, but for the general gist of it, http://aturon.github.io/tech/2018/04/24/async-borrowing/ is an amazing description of the problem here.

It is a PhD level research problem to know if monads and do notation would be able to work in Rust. The people who are most qualified to look into it (incidentally: a lot of the same crew was who was working on async) believe that it may literally be impossible.