Doesn't Git-for-Windows default configure symbolic link support off, though? Or does this exploit work even in that case as long as the underlying file system supports symlinks?
Short version: there is no exact equivalent for POSIX symlinks on Windows, and the closest thing is unavailable for non-admins by default unless Developer Mode is enabled and a relatively recent Windows 10 version is used. Therefore, symlink emulation support is only turned on by default when that scenario is detected.
[1]: https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/wiki/Symbolic-Links