In case you hadn't heard of Simon Wardley's "pioneers, town planners, settlers" model, it seems relevant to your third paragraph (https://blog.gardeviance.org/2015/03/on-pioneers-settlers-to...).
I think "catalogers" as I'm thinking of them are by nature not quite pioneers, since the fundamental move of cataloging is to describe and categorize what already exists, but might often be settlers, in the sense that a good career move for a cataloger is to be the first to apply a new process to gain insight into new distinctions or categories. In that sense I would see GoF themselves acting as "settlers" in their Design Patterns book, which I tend to view as a catalog project.
However books like "Refactoring", and "Working effectively With Legacy Code" also turn into partial cataloging projects, but those might overlap more with "town planner" in that they're really leveraging some mature technologies and looking for system-level economic savings of readability/changeability/maintainability.
So I guess I'd continue to argue that it's a "mindset" as much as "a type of person"; "Working Effectively With Legacy Code" isn't _only_ a catalog, but there's parts of it that come from a catalog mindset.
Regardless, I hadn't seen the above mapping you linked and I appreciate it!