Twitter's Dorsey auctions first ever tweet as digital memorabilia
reuters.com
reuters.com
I truly, genuinely have no idea who's bidding on this, or what their reasoning is. In fact, I'm not sure I understand the concept of NFTs at all. In the physical world, fine art holds its value because there is exactly one of each painting, and the human hoarding impulse nurtures a sense of reverence towards originality. However, art "sold" via NFT is still accessible and available for anyone to appreciate and download. I don't have to ask for permission from the owner to look at the art, or even go to a specific location (like a gallery for a physical piece). I can just download the art to my computer and stare at it whenever I want.
The only argument I've seen for NFTs is that many famous artworks have prints made, that are cheap and available to everyone. The original painting is expensive and owned by a single person, but anyone can have an imitation hanging on their wall. I don't know that I buy the translation of this concept to the digital world, because prints are very obviously not the actual piece (not least because they're printed and not painted). If I download an image or video, or grab a link to @jack's tweet, I have the exact same configuration of bytes that the "owner" has. In the case of a link, I'm staring at the exact same thing the "owner" is, and the fact that it's on a reputable website means I'm not looking at a fake - thus providing the same guarantee as a certificate of authenticity. Hell, there's even a cryptographic element, since the site will use TLS for encryption.
Am I missing the paradigm here? Or is this just the method by which crypto millionaires will become crypto penniless?
A huge amount of art holds value because someone needed to launder money. NFTs merely provide a simpler way for people to do that.
Basically, a sketchy businessman buys a bunch of art from some random unknown artist for pennies. He then gets his art world friends to start praising that artist and thus appraise the art at a stupidly high value. Come tax season, sketchy business man turns philanthropist and donates said art to some random museum. That donation is written off as a tax credit at that stupidly high value and now some museum is left holding crappy art. Alternatives strategies involve using the over-valued art as collateral for a loan or something in case cash is needed instead.
It's sorta like a pump-and-dump, except the intent is to fool some bureaucracy rather than the public.
If you donate an asset it eliminates the gain and the associated tax in addition to giving you a tax deduction in the amount of the donation. This is why people like to donate highly appreciated assets rather than selling the asset and donating the resulting funds.
It’s like making a million dollars in counterfeit money, then donating that to charity. You reduce taxes by $370,000, and are out $0.
https://www.riskscreen.com/kyc360/news/art-in-the-frame-for-...
https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2019/09/the-art-o...
> But in late 2017, US prosecutors say, Green fell in with the owners of a Mauritius-based investment company, Beaufort Securities, that engaged in fraud, stock manipulation, and money laundering. For Beaufort’s owners, duping investors into buying worthless securities was the easy part. The hard part was making the ill-gotten profit appear legitimate to regulators. Beaufort had done so in the past by depositing money under false names in offshore banks, then slipping it into the global banking system little by little. The company had also used the time-tested trick of buying real estate and quickly selling it off, often at a loss, to convert illegal proceeds into assets that could be accounted for as the fruit of a property deal.
> Now, money launderers like Beaufort were searching for less obvious ways to scrub their cash, and Matthew Green knew how to trade in multimillion-dollar works of art. Approached in late 2017 by the Beaufort conspirators—one of whom was in fact an undercover US federal agent who had infiltrated Beaufort—Green allegedly said he would accept £6.7 million (about $9 million at the time) in what he knew to be the yield of securities fraud in exchange for a 1965 Picasso, Personnages. Green would draw up phony ownership papers saying the work had been sold, all the while keeping the Picasso stored away. Down the road he would pretend to buy it back from his coconspirators at a lower price, keeping 5 to 10 percent of the laundered cash for himself.
> “Art is a very attractive vehicle to launder money,” says Peter D. Hardy, a former US prosecutor who now advises corporations and industries on compliance with anti-money-laundering requirements. “It can be hidden or smuggled, transactions often are private, and prices can be subjective and manipulated—and extremely high.”
With art, buy and sell prices have no comparison points and margins are very high.
Buyer: "I want 120k bucks worth of cocaine. How should I send you the money?"
Dealer: "I'm going to duct tape a banana to a wall and call it art. You buy the art. I drop off the coke."
Buyer: "Who the fuck would buy something like that?"
Dealer: "You, because you're actually buying the coke, not the banana or duct tape. But to the government, you look like a fucking idiot and I'm just a capitalist opportunist. They then dont question my questionable purchasing decisions because I'm an arteest."
I left out some details, but that's the broad brush strokes.
Edit: just thought about it. This is also a nice extra layer of plausible deniability for the buyer.
"I'm not sending money to acquire drugs/illegal weapons, I'm sending money for a... painting."
Cops: "It looks like a toddler drank paint and had projectile diarrhea."
"High class taste in sophisticated art cant be explained to simpletons like you."
I watched this documentary on Netflix called Made You Look. There was a painting in it that sold for crap ton of money - it was literally two rectangles (not perfect rectangles, but close enough. And no, I am not making this up) in different colors. I paused the video and looked at it for a couple of minutes and thought, my 7 year old niece can draw this. What is special about this painting?
So yeah, I guess I am a simpleton who can't understand art ...
In truth, it's just like bitcoin. The black market got involved and drove up prices. The naive market observed without understanding and jumped in.
- get a business that operates mostly on anonymous/untraceable cash (laundromat)
- put drug money through it and pay taxes
- business use "clean" money to buy a piece of art for $1 million from a corporation owned by the criminal boss (that was bought for $1k).
Voila, clean money in the hands of the head honcho.
Pure speculation on my part, though.
I still for the life of my figure out how Grimes made millions off her shitty videos last week. It was way more than "ha, ha this is hilarious and I'm going to spend some money on the joke".
• Auctionable and sellable on the blockchain without any AML or KYC
• Creates a paper trail that posits as a legitimate way to have accumulated wealth to the taxman and government
• Round-trip costs of <2% as compared to traditional money laundering systems which can be an order of magnitude more expensive.
• Plausible denialability as art.
Basically, NFTs are a great way to launder money.
Launders will likely also do some unrelated party transactions to counter anomaly detection, so even if you don't want to launder money, buying NFTs can give you the ability to capture some money laundering premium.
You may find this description morally wrong, but don't doubt the ability for NFTs to grow in value. Money laundering is big money.
I have millions of dollars in yuen in Guangdong - and I want to get it out of the country, or I have millions of dollars of cash from selling drugs in Mexico.
Then, I buy a number of ASICS and plug them in? I doubt I will get millions that way but it's a start, maybe I ... hmm the on-ramp is complicated - getting from dollar bills to bitcoin already requires laundering.
Ok, let's say I have my coins - transferred to me via the age old solution of handing cash to someone with bitcoins and they transfer them to my wallet. But of a giveaway but ok. Let's call that DirtyWallet.
Now I find a NFT company - it makes digital photos of the sidewalk in NYC and sells each paving stone online. The idea is to hide money laundering.
I buy half the paving stones on Broadway for a dollar each, from CleanWallet. Then I auction my paving stones, and amazingly they are all bought up by DirtyWallet for a million each.
CleanWallet now has millions and is ready to off-ramp.
I kind of get it but not really - it does nothing new - it still needs corrupt on ramp and off ramp people in corrupt places in the world (like London) - and that's where the real cost will come. The washing (transactions to hide origin) is the simple part - I would want to wash the money through family restaurants in MidWest (where the owner got in deep with low shark) or the other traditional approaches as well.
It just looks like this will be a small part - and given it public traceability i suspect a small part - once someone gets traced through the blockchain this will be avoided
Then the crypto is untraceable at both ends: one side leads to the victim, the other to someone with plausible deniability: "I was just selling art at market value. I didn't have anything to do with that crime, and I don't know the person who bought the art." In between, nothing but an anonymous wallet and an untraceable transfer of NFT.
Deniability is hardly the point - all dodgy transactions are deniable, it's just whether people care to pretend to believe you - the UK has anti-money laundering laws that basically say if you cannot reasonably prove your money is it dodgy we will take it. https://news.sky.com/story/zamira-hajiyeva-supreme-court-rej... - the criteria here is basically "do we believe do you" - it's really nebulous.
Multiple people put money into a pot, in return they get an voucher that anyone can redeem.
At some later point in time someone redeems some money from the pot.
The anonymity set for this mixer is the number of people who put money into the pot. The more people that use this, the more anonymous.
If, as you suggested you can obtain crypto without a paper trail then your plan might work. Since there's no paper trail you could even setup multiple sock puppets.
Then it would be more sensible for your CleanWallet to be owned by an NFT Art producing company. The become popular "over time" using your sock puppets and may even garner real attention (commissions per sale isn't uncommon and is a free bonus for the fees you've spent).
Alternatively you could run the NFT platform and take X% commission. With your sock puppets you mint and buy NFTs left and right. Maybe you'll even get some real business.
Both of these ideas shouldn't be difficult to off It's not uncommon for a crypto company to invest in other crypto companies which could add another layer of in direction.
This is all quite speculative and the ideas require a decent amount of effort. For the most part I agree that the use of crypto and NFTs to launder money is a bit overblown.
Isn't this the hard part? Not only this, but having to worry about physical transactions involving money...or the risk of traditional digital trails of bank transfers, etc?
My understanding is that NFT could clean up this aspect by 1) removing money transfer risk (probably use some sort of smart contract to guarantee transfer of NFT immediately to buyer upon successful bank transfer to seller) and 2) transferring underlying valuation to a subjective-valuation industry. Washing $ through a restaurant would open the restaurant up to possible scrutiny to prove they had higher food costs, etc...but NFTs appear to remove that risk since no one can really question increases to value of "art".
Also, technically the owners of the "high value" NFT could even be kept in the dark on the shady details if they are offered a quick buck by some offshore lawyer. They could probably even set it up to guarantee eventual transfer back to the original owner (netting them ~10% or so).
Anti-Money Laundering
Know-Your-CustomerYou "own" it in the sense there's an immutable paper trail that proves you and you alone are the owner. However, the castle being protected as a national monument, you cannot bulldoze it or even change it in any way by law AND you are obliged by law to open it to the public.
Basically you are buying bragging rights.
This all feels very strange to me, probably because it is so intangible AND Twitter is still broadcasting the message just the same AND Twitter already has a concept of ownership which isn’t being honored here.
If I grab something out of your hands and you say, "that's mine!" That would be property.
But if I put up a painting and you ask, "who made that?" That would be credit.
There is no scarcity of blockchain space - you can download Bitcoin right now and use less space than the newest "Call of Duty" collection. The property is very easy to acquire.
But then if you ask "who made Call of Duty", you are forced to point to the system of IP law, which may or may not credit the individual creators properly.
So, what NFTs are trading is a particular form of credit. This tears up some economic assumptions around what credit is "worth". A popular blockchain is one that allocates credit accurately and fairly.
In a basic sense, you own a signed ‘snapshot’ of the tweet.
Basically it is kind of ‘only signed copy of the tweet’
Not all NFTs are art NFTs either, it is becuase it is art and has "intangible value" that gives sales plausible deniability. Trading card NFTs, in game item NFTs and other NFTs that have tangible value don't suffer the same issue.
Not saying there's not some use for them, but this pattern is a huge red flag that there's a pump and dump style thing going on behind the scenes. ICOs and other cryptocurrency shared and share the same pattern.
Now that they're somewhat mainstream yet not well understood by the public I would be more suprised if people weren't preaching it as the best thing since sliced bread.
And this gets bought by the same people that might buy an autograph or memorabilia that would be about equally useless without the story around it and others valuing it too.
The problem is knowing which ones.
I could spin up an ethereum NFT to compete with this service, and do the exact same thing. Now, tweets are being sold on two different blockchains. It doesn't have the Official Stamp of Approval that something like NBA TopShot has.
If this were ran by Twitter, or at least had Twitter's backing, I'd understand the valuations a bit more. But, the website is the simplest, most thousand-line bootstrap-templated thing I've ever seen have so much money flow through it.
We’re in an everything bubble and the recent investment/attention boom for NFTs is not surprising.
Many luxury things aren’t useful, they are either a good way to store wealth in a manner that is less susceptible to certain market disruptions and even the reach of governments this is where gold and art come in or it’s a way to show everyone that you have so much money that you can afford to buy toilet paper made out of the fiber of some engineered pigmy pine trees grown in low earth orbit.
This one is maybe a little bit of both, because as long as there are plenty of people willing to spend money to achieve the latter this one also falls into the former.
People have been selling weird stuff for years. There are services that let you "name a star" with a fancy but meaningless certificate.
Even with fine art, there many paintings that have value because of historical and absurd cultural reasons that border on being a scam.
People have always tried to sell stuff, and there always ~~fools~~ people that will buy them. The rules get crazier when it involves things at that exist at extreme ends. Like that app that was 10k that just had a spinning diamond to prove you had money to waste. Twitter is a big service, dorsey is a relatively famous name, idk, weird stuff happens.
People believe doing things like that gives them a piece of history. Some do it because they think it will become more valuable and fetch a higher price later.
I don't get it, but I don't begrudge people spending their money on whatever they want. Given that Dorsey is already rich, I'd hope that he'd donate the proceeds to charity, which would at least make all this worthwhile and productive.
* because they have a lot of coins, and they don't care what they're spending it on. For example, cryptokitties were fun
* they think they can make money out of that, because there's some hype
* they are promoting their own NFT platform with fake purchases
Their problem for adoption desires however is we don't have a problem with tracking ownership - and if our societal systems of real trust networks is so compromised that we start having problems with tracking ownership, along with enforcement, then that society is in far more trouble than worrying about who owns what - and a blockchain isn't going to help them.
Before there were walled gardens of this. Skins in something like CSGO being a good example, you could have a very valuable skin in CSGO but valve determines whether you own it or not and have the right to sell it. With NFT there's no central authority that says you have the right to sell something, you just do...
I honestly think this is a pretty powerful thing, I'm interested to see where it goes.
It seems worse than the "I'll sell you the Brooklyn Bridge" scam, because, at least in that case, you're trying to buy something valuable. Here, you're trying to pay for the rights for some people to say you own something? Madness.
If you don't then you have no credible ability to sell it, if you do... then maybe I'm interested.
Just send me the money. I'll create a row in a sqlite database specifying you own the NFT, burn that on to a read only CD and mail it to you!
* - ALittleLight
In general items sold by their original authors will be more valuable (and you can already see evidence of this being wrong or right on the network), so this seems like a fine way of going about it.
That's not "the market", that's sunk cost fallacy. If I buy a painting in a jumble sale for £5 and a reputable auctioneer confirms it's a genuine Picasso original, collectors will be willing to pay millions for it. If I spend £1m on a print or a painting by my sister, the auctioneer will still tell me none of their collectors are interested.
Or to look more closely at your example, the resale values of a mint condition Harry Potter first edition bought for £10 and a Harry Potter first edition bought for £30k are exactly the same and exactly the same collectors and auctioneers will deal with it, precisely because assets are identical and the market cares about how collectible the asset is rather than its individual historic price. (The market price of a first edition owned by Rowling herself is also the same, but she can change that pretty easily with a signature to make it more 'special' than other first editions)
I expect this essay to be the target of criticism. Here’s a modest proposal to my critics. Instead of attacking my ideas of what to build, conceive your own! What do you think we should build? There’s an excellent chance I’ll agree with you.
Our nation and our civilization were built on production, on building. Our forefathers and foremothers built roads and trains, farms and factories, then the computer, the microchip, the smartphone, and uncounted thousands of other things that we now take for granted, that are all around us, that define our lives and provide for our well-being. There is only one way to honor their legacy and to create the future we want for our own children and grandchildren, and that’s to build.
https://a16z.com/2020/04/18/its-time-to-build/
Well, it's been less than a year, and it looks like a16z is now big on NFTs.
Uh, what? This is written on basically a marketing blog for one of the most well known VC firms in the world. Which will invest millions of dollars in organizations that will go on to market an ever increasing amount of blockchain companies that will do... something. Which will be written about endlessly by news outlets because prices go up crazy amounts.
This whole NFT thing has actually made me want to shut off my computer, stop programming, and start farming or something. Either all these people are idiots or I am. I can only make sense of it if I assume most of it is actual money laundering.
This is an extremely inaccurate statement by them, wow. I feel like if nothing else it's impossible to have anything to do with Ethereum without hearing about the Ethereum Foundation. The majority of projects built on top also have their own organizations. There's also most definitely marketing.
I even like the idea of NFTs and think there's a lot of cool things to be built on the blockchain, some of which already have working early versions. This, however, is clearly a puff piece by a16z that doesn't even try to present an accurate picture.
As a VC, he bets on what makes money in the current system.
As a citizen, he calls for a change to a better system.
Fortnite skins are different from NFTs - you're not supposed to sell them on. I just checked this with a quick Google search just in case the developer had changed how they work since I last played. They haven't, the way to sell skins is to sell your account details via an external market. Some games companies ban players from online matches who are caught buying or selling like that. I also found a site for buying /selling useful in game items, and the way that the item handover works is literally by making players meet up in game and the seller dropping the item on the floor.
VBucks are just tokens that can only be spent in Fortnite and make it slightly harder for spenders to know how much they are spending on each thing. You get them slowly in game, and can also buy them with real money. You can only use them to buy different appearances and gestures, and only from the developer.
I'd therefore argue Fortnite does not have a sophisticated economy, nor uses NFTs. It has a clever business model, using free download of the game as a whole but paid customisation, to help make it very shareable and very effective at gradually warming players up to the idea of making a purchase or five. It has become much like a shopping mall for modern teenagers - they willingly hang out there for hours for free, right next to places tempting then to purchase.
Venture capitalists don't build bridges or infrastructure, fortunately (although they could hardly do worse than the various governments in the US). Government does that by and large. It's the responsibility of government to allocate its tax revenue to infrastructure.
The US has among the least responsible governments that has ever existed in world history. That's on the shoulders of the voters and the politicians they elect. It's not the VCs or politicians (insert scapegoat here) that are the primary problem (they're all secondary), it's down to the American people that have behaved like absentee sloven bastards for half a century now.
The UK has to increasingly rely on Chinese nuclear expertise because over the last ten to twenty years a lot of engineers have retired and you don't just stagnate but decline because there's just not enough people and also state capacity to keep that process knowledge alive.
Musk says a lot of crap but on this he was right when he talked about the real loss of knowledge in spaceflight. It takes a very long time to get an engineering culture back once you lose it.
We're presently bombing Syria because Biden is a continuation of the Obama war hawk stance on toppling everything in the Middle East (which is a program that goes back decades now and fully crosses the political aisle from side to side, they're all doing the same thing when given power).
That's the kind of thing we do in the US instead of properly investing into our infrastructure. And we've been doing it across the whole of the post WW2 era. A minimum of $10-$15 trillion has been spent that way by the US just since the late 1960s. That's where our infrastructure money went.
Also, the top bid is by Justin Sun at $2m, a man who from what I can gather is more famous as a "Tech entrepeneur" brand than for anything he's actually done. Also famous for bidding $4.5m for lunch with Warren Buffet.... and then failed to pay up.
Frankly, he looks like a great poster child for this transparent pump and dump.
Do you have a source for this?
Looks like he complained about some health issues:
"[Justin Sun] unexpectedly dropped out days before the scheduled lunch date, blaming a bout of kidney stones. However, he apologized on social media for overpromoting himself, and Bloomberg reported that Chinese authorities briefly detained Tron employees, sparking conspiracies that he bowed out under pressure from Beijing."
The buy side is more complicated, because people buy art for different reasons. But there are benefits such as digitization making money laundering more convenient. The main issue is legitimacy concerns, but so long as artists can benefit from NFTs, they are incentivized to express the legitimacy of the NFT. In the equation of who gets to decide legitimacy, I would say the artist has the most sway.
Of course, it's entirely possible that NFTs will fail. First off, it could fail if the issuing blockchain failed or had a contentious fork. Secondly, it's possible that the primary blockchain or issuer for NFTs could change, which could reduce the value of "obsolete" NFTs. There is also regulatory risk. Finally, there is the possibility that people who abuse NFT system, such as repeatedly reissuing art or issuing pirated art, could poison the well. But that's entirely different from saying NFTs are doomed to fail and inherently worthless.
I fail to see why this is desirable. What right does an artist (or indeed, anyone who produces anything) have to any portion of resales?
I hear this and like the notion, but I'm curious - how does the smart contract know what the sale price was?
Depending on your view of platforms, this could be less than ideal. It should also be possible to modify the transfer function in the EIP-721 contract to be a swap, but this would require a new standard. In any case, it could be gotten around by an escrowed transfer with swap amount being set to 0. I don't think there is a way to prevent this.
With NFT, auctioneer guarantees item is unique, but nothing prevents you selling the same item on different markets.
Basically you are betting on the market you are using will be the ‘one’ in the future.
Each country may hold a legitimate deed over the piece of art, whether that deed is recognized by other countries is another thing.
In real world, you may have the deed but without the item, it has actually no value.
In digital world, you only have deed, not a physical item. So deed has the only value.
I find his analogy more apt - nothing prevented an artists from making another painting and claiming it to be genuine #1 of #1 either.
It's just with NFTs the benefit for a buyer is being able to see this happen on a public blockchain.
It would be nice to be able to keep an offline NFT library (of, for example, music) where the tokens can be presented (with authentication) to streaming services like amazon or spotify in order to download a DRM-free copy of whatever media the NFT proves I own license to hold.
I don't think any blockchain bullshit necessarily needs to be involved.
I would like to be receive some kind of cryptographically secure token from Bandcamp (or whomever) that is secure enough to be accepted as proof of purchase by content distributors.
This could make it feasible for places like spotify or google play music to sell "Bring Your Own Album" streaming service priced by operational costs rather than licensing fees.
Or for Amazon Music to sell "Replace your library" as a giant bulk download when your offline music library is accidentally destroyed but your carved-in-stone hard copies of all your proof-of-purchase licenses tokens (that provably belong to you and only you) are still safe.
You need a public and immutable chain of authentified transactions for that to be an instant check.
What advantage do they have for doing so?
Additionally, they could make it feasible for places like spotify or google play music to sell "Bring Your Own Album" streaming service priced by operational costs rather than licensing fees. Instead of accessing the content in their normal subscription, you can access anything for which you can present a valid license.
Whether this agreement is stored as an NFT on the blockchain, or in Spotify's database doesn't matter, as long as they - or someone else! - can unilaterally yank that data out. And they can.
As far as files go, I'm reminded of the Robert Heinlein quote - probably mangled, maybe apocryphal - that you don't truly own anything you can't carry in your arms at a dead run.
The cryptographically secure token proving I own license to duplicate the music is what belongs to me.
When you buy a CD, you own the physical CD but not the music. If you go to a concert and the band plays some song from that CD, you wouldn't brag "Wow they are playing *my* song! I bought that song! I own it!"
The thing you own is the license to reproduce that music.
With old media, this license was essentially an afterthought inherent in the physical media itself due to the cost of producing a copy being so high.
Now with digital media, the cost of producing a copy is too low for that model to work.
I think moving away from this model sucks. We used to purchase the license; now we're renting it. In my above comment, the music didn't belong to me, but the license did.
The "Download your purchase" and "Listen now in the Bandcamp app" links both have a "sig" option that appears to be some kind of thumbprint but they are not the same and are probably just related to tracking rather than the actual content.
I guess I don't understand the value of purchasing this or I'm missing something obvious.
Yes, I understand who Jack is. The Twitter legal team probably hasn't thought out all the ins and outs of tweets becoming a currency.
Twitter cannot stop you from selling your tweets because you are the copyright holder.
I think it is just the reality of this world that there exists people in this world whose sole purpose in life is to be exploited by others, and they gain pleasure knowing that.
Technically yes.
As for my take, the NFT is just a data, accepted to represent the idea of that Jack minted and is now selling the tweet. Contractually he hasn't agreed to give you rights to editing or deleting the tweet.
So is Jack selling _the_ tweet, or a signed "photograph" of the tweet? Is the buyer the "tweet's buyer", as it stands in the last paragraph or a... I'm out of analogies.