To me, that seems like a major aspect of surveillance economy which can't be easily disrupted by something like Ad Nauseam or pi-hole.
[1] https://www.fastcompany.com/90490923/credit-card-companies-a...
Apple Card is a start: https://www.goldmansachs.com/privacy-and-cookies/Apple_Card_...
"The types of personal information Goldman Sachs Bank USA collects and shares depend on the product or service you have with us. This information can include: Social Security number and account balances account transactions and purchase history transaction history and payment history
For Goldman Sachs Bank USA's marketing purposes: to offer our other products and services to you Does Goldman Sachs Bank USA share? No
For joint marketing with other financial companies Does Goldman Sachs Bank USA share? No
For Goldman Sachs Bank USA's affiliates to market to you Does Goldman Sachs Bank USA share? No
For nonaffiliates to market to you Does Goldman Sachs Bank USA share? No"
Apple issued this statement in response: “We apologize for any confusion or inconvenience we may have caused for this customer. The issue in question involved a restriction on the customer’s Apple ID that disabled App Store and iTunes purchases and subscription services, excluding iCloud. Apple provided an instant credit for the purchase of a new MacBook Pro, and as part of that agreement, the customer was to return their current unit to us. No matter what payment method was used, the ability to transact on the associated Apple ID was disabled because Apple could not collect funds. This is entirely unrelated to Apple Card.”
https://9to5mac.com/2021/03/03/apple-card-apple-id-unrelated...
Another great alternative is privacy.com which allows you to create anonymous credit cards (your bank is then debited). While the vendors won't know who you are privacy.com certainly does and they use Plaid on the back end so they likely know as well. VISA just tried to buy Plaid; someone eventually will acquire them (maybe Google?) so keeping your financial info private via privacy.com might not be something that works long-term.
While they certainly do track many things (I was an employee for several years), American Express does not provide information to credit reporting agencies (Equifax, TransUnion, Experian).
While that doesn't help with more mundane tracking (although you could buy Amex gift cards for cash, but that would be the same for any other gift cards), it does impact some of the more insidious tracking that's been going on for decades.
Actually selling your data (as opposed to selling a derivative which is lazily conflated) they could manage to abstain from. The other party could also sell their transaction data which happens to contain you (although retailers tend to be cagey about what sells and keep their use internal they are infamously one of the things sold upon bankruptcy by their debtholder heirs).