It's not the technology as such, because the technology to defeat death doesn't exist right now. It's the systematisation of the anti-death instinct, creating an ideology that logically justifies that instinct and fleshes out the full implications of being thoroughly against death. Qin didn't do that of course – this was the "burning of books and burying of scholars" dude. I think modern technology is a prerequisite for transhumanism in the sense of making it possible to think in a transhuman way, but that doesn't make transhumanism identical to technology, or to using technology to live longer.