But. Elixir maintain a 2 otp release compatibility. So the elixir stdlib cannot use new functionality until the release of elixir in 2 years.
You can, ofc, just call the erlang lib yourself.
So on this one, you get the JIT or my float_to_string pretty printer speedup for free. But the Map module cannot use the new maps functions for 2 years.
But some additions require a new Elixir release. One that comes to mind was the new guard clause to check if a key is in a map.
VM Performance improvements - normally this is minor but for this release it's a big big thing
Bug fixes - to standard library and VM
New Erlang APIs to use directly - you can call Erlang functions easily from Elixir, allowing you to leverage new standard library features, but they won't be used by Elixir because of the compatibility guarantees discussed elsewhere here
Erlang/OTP 23 [erts-11.1.6] [source] [64-bit] [smp:8:8] [ds:8:8:10] [async-threads:1] [hipe]
Elixir 1.11.3 (compiled with Erlang/OTP 23)