The exceptions are:
A merge does not normally have traffic control devices except possibly a yield sign, or special merge signage.
Obviously a one way road forking (like part of a divided highway) does not need signals or stop signs.
Driveways do not usually count as roads for determining if an intersection exists. Commercial driveways are sometimes treated as roads, typically with stop signs, and ocassionally in heavy traffic areas with traffic lights. Large commercial areas (big box stores, or shopping centers) are more likely to have their driveways treated as roads.
Two roads intersecting without anything present to control traffic basically never happens. The less important street or less traffic street will typically get stop signs. If both roads are negligible traffic and build to the same standards, the stop sign direction is picked arbitrarily. If there is significant traffic, but both roads are approximately equal in importance and volume, 4 way stop is typically used, basically functioning as a poor-mans roundabout. In cases with really high traffic, traffic lights are typically used at intersections.
Most areas in the US do not make heavy use of roundabouts. They are becoming increasingly more common over time, but mostly in newly developed areas and it still varies by location. Retrofitting existing intersections is not super common (although it probably happens a lot more in some parts of the country).
I once also saw a 3-way stop, meaning a 4-road junction, where one road had right-of-way and the others had to do the precedence order. Obviously, this was insanely dangerous - if anyone on the stopping approaches thought it was a 4-way stop, and assumed that all other vehicles would stop, then it would pull out in front of a vehicle that actually had the right-of-way.
Then there's right-turn-on-red, which is scary for pedestrians...
The US just has a lot more of that.
We also just have roundabouts all over the place and Americans seem to be allergic to them for whatever reason.
Pedestrian experience is probably the one downside of roundabouts.
There are very few 'yield' intersections here in Toronto, Canada. It's all 4-way stops which are very confusing because the right of way is inconclusive and circumstantial.