> 12. By this time, we had isolated the app and were convinced that this is the one that is fetching the image on startup. We could not find the image anywhere in the app, confirming our theory that it fetches the image but does not display it.

The analysis stops right when things start to become interesting. I was hoping there'd be a decompiled code snippet to see what the app in question is actually doing with the image, since it's not displaying it.