CMOS, but likelly with much more differences from CMOS for mainstream logic.
I doubt that. FPGA's are just digital circuits. They don't use any onboard "ROM" the vast majority load their programming from an external chip. Where are you getting they don't use standard CMOS tech?
Typical SRAM FPGAs use a conventional process but there are architectures that use floating gates and OTP antifuses that need specialized processing.
And? Xilinx+Intel is 90% of the market. They're the only ones who actually matter. And I can tell you from experience that defense is considering almost no on else.