Technically, this doesn't seem to be a nose per se, but more creating a sensor to detect molecules for which the mammalian nose has evolved to detect. If we have an excitatory pattern, then most AI techniques should be able to detect it easily.

Instead of creating a single modality i.e. artificial noses or ears, medicine would benefit from a multimodal sensory system that uses vision, smell, auditory and perhaps even taste, _in conjunction_, as the human body is rich with signals through all these modalities.