You don't need a working gizmo to get a patent.
How can you teach someone else to do something if you don't know yourself? You can't.
Frank Whittle patented the jet engine years before he successfully built one. His patent couldn't teach anyone how to build a jet engine, because he didn't know himself.
Lots of patents really are just ideas for things which might work rather than things known/proven to work. Possibly these should be differentiated somehow, and maybe have a shorter time horizon on expiry if they're not "upgraded" from an idea patent to a working-device patent. But that's a legit reason for idea patents to exist, and that's the present reality.
You will never be able to make it, end of.
If you speak about it in any context other than a patent Intel or some other large company will take your idea for free.
If you've designed a time machine, I sort of agree, but this principle is really stupid and goes against what the point of a patent is in the first place.
Allowing patent squatting with ideas instead of prototypes is more damaging than requiring a proof of concept.