China wants to build an open source ecosystem to rival GitHub
restofworld.org
restofworld.org
Actually, if you want to send large amounts of text information to users in China right now, Github is probably one of the better ways. Unfortunately probably not for long!
It probably just doesn't hurt CCP enough to matter in the short term. It'll probably take closer to half a century before we can truly understand if the cumulative effects of the pain will amount to anything significant.
If Facebook and Google ran ads all over China, a nice big cut of that revenue goes to the IRS instead of China's government.
None of these transactions are zero-sum and tech isn't the only thing in the world that matters.
I suspect, so long as they can continue to provide good lives for their professional class, the country will continue to grow in world influence. The professionals that drive growth and innovation probably desire to live in a less authoritarian society, but life is generally good enough for them to remain complacent, and turn a blind-eye to injustice.
This is all relative. In an absolute sense, China's level of economic development on Bulgaria, Mexico or Kazakstan. They've had a long period of high growth, but that's only because of the abject poverty the Maoists left the country in. Before Deng's reforms, the country was essentially North Korea.
China's prosperity is much more of a "most-improved award" rather than a gold medal. Their current system has certainly proved better than Stalinism, but that's a pretty low bar. There's no reason to believe that Xi Jinping thought can produce an economy that in any way is competitive with liberal capitalist democracy.
Isn't it already? Speaking broadly of economic trends for the past 30 years, China has dominated manufacturing, at levels of increasing sophistication. To the extent it's running into issues, it's been a victim of its own success: laborers in China are increasingly too expensive for China to be a cost effective exporter at the low end. And in exchange it's developed Shenzhen, which has pretty much no competition in its niche. And as far as tech goes, on the whole China is still behind the USA, but at the same time solidly ahead of every other country. The entirety of the EU area doesn't have a Baidu or Bytedance, let alone a Tencent or Alibaba.
That’s just it. It’s grown because it had massive amounts of cheap labour but now it doesn’t. Can they transition into a competitive economy up the food chain?
Even within their area of strength, manufacturing, China severely lags the liberal democracies. On a per capita basis, its manufacturing output is more than three times lower than Japan, Germany, Switzerland, Korea, Sweden or the Netherlands. It even produces less than half per capita as the US or UK, who don't even specialize in manufacturing. China is barely above Brazil or Turkey on a per capita metric.
And outside manufacturing, China's level of development is abysmal. It produces virtually nothing competitive in the service sector. China exports essentially zero financial services, media, software, professional services, or travel services. China has internally developed barely any internationally successful pharmaceuticals, Internet properties, film or television franchises, marketable brand names, banking franchises, auto models, jet aircraft, or microprocessors.
The success of China's tech companies is almost certainly because the Chinese government doesn't allow much stronger American competitors to enter the market. The reason Europe doesn't have a Baidu is because Google was allowed to compete in Europe. The entire Chinese tech industry's sole global success has been TikTok. The inability to compete on the global market proves that the Chinese tech industry does not measure up to their American counterparts. This is corroborated by the fact that not a single major software project has ever come out of China.
Alibaba/Aliexpress are massive for consumer online shopping, particularly in Russia & Eastern Europe. Alipay payments are increasingly accepted across SE Asia. JD.com (which nobody ever hears about, but is considerably larger than Ali) operates directly and indirectly in many SE Asian countries.
Tencent Games owns and operates a huge slew of globally popular games, including Fortnite, League of Legends, the Supercell suite (Brawl Stars, Clash of Clans etc). Yes, most of these games are still produced primarily in the West, but for long?
Trip.com has been run out of China since 2017 since it was acquired by Ctrip. Meituan/Dianping dominate food delivery in China and are started to branch out to other markets like Australia and Singapore.
Far from being worse than liberal capitalist economies - which are the majority of the world - it's 73 in GDP PPP per capita out of 193 - solidly above average.
It's also not had a period of high growth, it is still having a period of high growth, with 2.4% growth in 2020 which is by far the highest out of all major economies, and a predicted 7.3% next year. This is better than a lot of low income countries, coming from a medium-high income country.
It's also set on escaping the middle income trap in 2-5 years as GDP per capita goes above 12500$, which is something that most liberal capitalist economies cannot achieve.
So no, it's really not just in relative sense. In performance with its current position, it really is doing better than alternate models of liberal capitalism, and by quite a margin.
I don't support the political reality that makes it work at all, but it is clear that liberal capitalism is not the undisputed king anymore.
CCP China should build monuments to President Bush (#41) and President Clinton. Otherwise they would have went the way of the USSR.
edit: and President Bush (#43) for making most-favored-nation trading status with CCP China permanent.
Most-favored-nation (MFN) trade status renewal came with conditions. Few if any were met by CCP China and yet American administrations continually renewed MFN for CCP China. Ultimately President Bush (#43) made it permanent.
They opened the door that enabled CCP China to drink the West's milkshake.
Compared to countries with a similar culture/demographics: Hong Kong, Korea, Singaporem Japan and Taiwan, mainland China's growth has been way slower.
>It's also set on escaping the middle income trap in 2-5 years as GDP per capita goes above 12500$, which is something that most liberal capitalist economies cannot achieve.
This is still only around a fourth of the GDP per capita in the other East Asian countries.
As for the rest, you're completely missing the point. Liberal capitalism's single greatest issue for the developing world is the middle income trap.
Certainly substantially behind the level of development found in the capitols of highly developed nations, like Washington DC[5] ($85k), London ($74k), or Tokyo[6] ($69k).
[1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative... [2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Turkish_provinces_by_G... [4]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Thai_provinces_by_GPP [5]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_OECD_regions_by_GDP_(P... [6]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Japanese_prefectures_b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_by_GDP_(PPP)_pe...
For example, if you take the Tokyo Metro Area, you find a GDP per capita of 48k, with a PPP ratio of 0.98 we get 48k USD PPP.
Comparing it to the Beijing Metro Area you have a 39k USD PPP.
This took around 4 minutes to do for the two cities, so I really don't think it's a quantity of rigor you should pay for, nor an unreasonable amount of scrutiny for an internet comment at all. I was just trying to get the commenter to realize the issue with using two completely different data series in a comparison.
You can also compare for example Jiangsu and South Kanto to find similar numbers.
Can you demonstrate your principles with your other comment [0], by using “a single source that contains the numbers” of many of the countries and claims you mentioned in that comment?
How do we know your arguments aren’t “based on really really shaky data”?
While it is true that hundreds of millions of Chinese live moderately prosperous lives, and enjoy many of the same luxuries that people in developed countries do, there are also hundreds of millions of Chinese who are still living in relative poverty (both relative to people in developed countries, and relative to the country's own urban, educated class).
In November last year the government declared that they had met their target to lift all of China out of extreme poverty by 2020, but that just means that nobody lives on a dollar a day any more. There are still a lot of subsistence farmers in rural areas, and there is still a large underclass that powers the urban economy by working for very low wages in factories, on delivery routes and so on.
China has come a long way in a relatively short period of time, and that's worth applauding, but it still faces some big challenges in raising the quality of life for all its citizens. I'm not an economist, but I expect that there will be a point where the growth can't continue because there won't be enough of an underclass to provide all the services that the current "middle" class takes for granted. I think the government is hoping that by that point either automation or outsourcing will be able to fill the gap.
Traveling through US or Europe you won't find people living in cinderblock shacks with a dirt floor and no plumbing. In China it's still the norm outside of cities.
There's not anybody starving to death, but I wouldn't consider China a wealthy country, not even close. There's very wealthy areas but a large fraction of the population still survives on a few thousand dollars a year.
I've never met a homeless person that was starving and many of them turn down free food because they don't need it.
As far as outsourcing, look what China is doing in Africa. Plenty of outsourcing in appalling conditions
What outside people don't see, and especially ones who thump their chests thinking they've seen all of China by being to some small town is that china has probably thousand times more of such small towns, and villages than 1m+ cities. And these are where most of Chinese live.
There are still many places in China with such level of destitution where even moving to a township centre from a village is an achievement of a lifetime to an average person.
Fixation on only economy and relative development indexes distract from the measure that matter: comprehensive national power or other similar composite measures. Apart from 1st rate turbojets engines and semiconductors, China has indigenous capability for nearly every sector. Compared to US, no other country is remotely competitive in a comprehensive sense. Relative measures only disguises how far China has come in terms of national capabilities, very few countries have: indigenous nuke, space, military, light/heavy industries, tech, media etc. When US policy makers reference peer competition, it's not referring to other OECD countries, it's referring to China because no one else has similar levels of comprehensive hard/soft power to remotely matter.
"Most improved" hides the fact that China holds the silver medal after brief development period, or that the gap between gold and silver are closer than gap between bronze and no-name junior varsity bench player. In that sense, the Chinese system (tuned to specific Chinese conditions) has already out competed nearly everyone else when considering aggregate factors to general power which enables prosperity. The question is whether Xi thought can make China competitive enough with US to create multipolar world. Seeing as to how everyone is hedging against Sino/US coldwar, right now it's seems to be between strong maybe and probably. Ultimately, Chinese scales means never reaching per capita parity can still outcompete in general. Doing so as middle income country with massive income disparity and relative easier gains only works in Xi's favour.
Their style of governing is very clearly not super robust. If it were they wouldn't need to so extremely tightly control their people in every possible manner. They regularly reveal how fragile the system is in their behavior, including how very easily their party ego is injured (which partially reveals how fragile they view their own position, that they're so obsessed with maintaining the facade of omnipotence; they fear any cracks). That also doesn't mean it's a house of cards, the CCP has proven they have staying power, even if it's expensive ground to hold.
https://twitter.com/Rainmaker1973/status/1351114653263409156
Doesn't look good for the US.
>Love how you robbed the Intercom content and css 1:1 and still being upvoted. Well, all the best with sales.
>Thank you for your reply. Intercom is way more advanced. About clone, All big companies take design and ideas from each other, without any issues. So am not new to game. t "Picasso had a saying -- 'good artists copy; great artists steal' -- and we have always been shameless about stealing great ideas." Steve Jobs
The first answer is that innovation can be channelled towards military or surveillance technology instead. The government has no problem with research into facial recognition, enterprise software, drones, and whatnot. Under the so called 'military-civil fusion' strategy its if anything encouraged and heavily bolstered.
Another point that has become fairly popular among the more conservative or nationalist Chinese intellectuals is that free expression in the workplace is if anything, harming the US because it's seen as divisive and hindering research. There were a lot of comments with negative overtones when it came to BLM, and stuff like the internal Google Maven protests. For a lot of nationalist Chinese commentators free expression in the West is seen as damaging state capacity and the ability of large firms to work effectively.
I don't see how this could possible benefit them over any measurable amount of time. Sure, they can do private repos for sensitive stuff, but the benefit of an open system like github is not in the closed off stuff... it is in the openness and propensity to inspire collaboration. Without the openness, they will only fall behind from the second they enable their one way information shield.
I get the sense from reading this that we're both aware that with China that won't be the case.
> Basically, they give out any innovations they create, while shielding themselves from any external innovation.
In a sense I feel like this relies on an exaggeration of the benefits and requirements of open source that most people in the west would have. Thinking about it right now I can see two questions.
1) Do we really need a free and open (as in free speech) internet to bring many people's code contributions and skills together?
2) Is having a walled off system actually better, on the reasoning that developers in China make the best "chinese software" (meaning software that will do well in or be useful to China)?
I think the answer to the first is that the need for free speech for open source at first seems necessary, and is certainly still helpful, but not ultimately needed for this to work. China can block topics like on any other site and chances are the people that still want to contribute ultimately will, just like people still use Wechat, Baidu, etc. I would think that as it stands you can still have a large group of hard-working contributors without some 'sensitive' topics coming up. I really think that the benefits of the open source model aren't as tied to the principles of western countries as a lot of people would initially assume, myself included.
The second question might be worth looking into some more, in terms of market research and what is successful in China. Plus Chinese developers are probably more used to having to work with the government in regards to censorship and surveillance, which GitHub could shut the doors on pretty fast.
Either way I don't think that having restricted topics is going to cripple the benefits of having a much larger contributor/talent pool and open source code. Not having freedoms isn't as good of course but I don't think open source software depends on them as much as some might say.
If the US hadn't retreated from diplomacy in favor of acting more like a mob boss, China would have been hurt far more. Most countries are looking to move away from Australia, but the absence of a countervailing power is what's stopping them.
Alternatively, the CCP got more aggressive with their suppressive tactics because of the US's diplomatic retreat, but I dont think this is the case. I think the CCP's behavior is a natural consequence of Xi Jinping basically giving himself a life term. With no opportunity to ever lead the party through a peaceful transfer of power, all the leadership hopefuls will probably be looking for alternative solutions. And even if they aren't, Xi is almost certainly gonna be paranoid that they are, and that would mean increasingly severe crackdowns on the people of the country.
The US and maybe western Europe could be in a similar position, if they wanted to.
IMO the reason you don't want to be isolationist(as a big country) is more about political clout than tech. China has no "soft power" because their firewall works both ways.
The US and western Europe have military prescence and political allies worldwide because the free flow of information and technology fosters all sorts of political, corporate, and cultural mixing.
What influence China has on its neighbors (and worldwide to an extent) is maintained through pressure and threats, because frankly, their ultra nationalist policies just don't make many friends. I personally don't think this is sustainable long term but it is yet to be seen. Instead of allies wanting you to succeed, other nations are encouraged to obstruct as much as possible to weaken you and your unwelcome influence. You can see this unfolding in the last few years with increasing tariff and trade restrictions on China. And I don't see it letting up until Xi is out
See also: skype.
Not just because they don't want Chinese code stored on foreign servers, but because they want it on servers they have easy access to.
Even if this is far-fetched, it's not about what we think, but the risk China perceives.
Even if that's not the case, being in China avoids (most?) NSA choke points.
Personally, I would think microsoft would be easier to "motivate" to share given they probably have more investments in china which could be used as leverage.
I have seen considerable chinese github projects. xmake is one of them i use
For China it's safer to have a Chinese Github ecosystem. Just imagine if Github suddenly decide to block Chinese users like they did for Iranian users.
It's also strategic for their government and some critical private sector to not put their source code on an American platform. So there are enough incentives especially after everything that happened to Huawei.
Github is still owned by an american company and it has shown that it needs to comply with whatever foreign policy that washington enacts. It's reasonable want to have a contingency plan that would allow the Chinese domestic software industry to continue to function when things turn sour between the two powers.
https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/04/ddos-...
Wait I thought India blocked github, not that github blocked India. Or has there been a whole thing I've missed?
All of our jobs and companies are at risk. China has far more software engineers than we do, all willing to work 996. They'll steal our tech and our data until they're ahead, then shut us off.
We already lost our manufacturing industry. Our tech, entertainment, knowledge, and capital are next. China has bought our biggest gaming and media companies.
We need to shut the CCP off. Yesterday.
Biden needs to create easy immigration programs for Hong Kong and mainland residents.
The recent Capitol shit show needs to be quickly dealt with and we need to take back our leadership role. Our image matters.
Hollywood needs to step in line and stop kowtowing. Where's the "Chernobyl" series equivalent for Tiananmen? The Tibetans and Uyghurs?
This is the most important issue of our time.
I know the Chinese loyalists and many Europeans that hate the US are going to downvote me, but this should be the priority of all democracies. If the CCP reaches the top, it imperils democracy.
This is actually a big reason why most Chinese people didn't care about the CCP going after Jack Ma, 996 is extremely unpopular.
That said, given the shortage of programmers, being willing to work unreasonable and frankly unproductive hours is not a sufficient deterrent to competitiveness.
America is manufacturing more than it ever has. It’s producing more cars, trucks, airplanes, semiconductors, software, and military weapons than ever. It’s at historical highs. Oh and, it’s also highly mechanized and done by machines now.
When did America lose entertainment to China? Back in the 90s and 00s, western people thought that China was going to steal all of Hollywood’s movies. But what happened instead? It turns out Hollywood movies are shit. The same boring stories, played by the same white actors. In a multicultural world, all the Hollywood actors are white. Why? Someone here is clueless, and it’s not the Chinese.
It turns out, that the Chinese don’t care to watch western movies. Star Wars was a flop. All the major Hollywood blockbusters flopped in China. What happened instead? The Chinese people wanted to watch movies filled with people that looked like themselves. Movies that actually had multicultural people. Movies that had Chinese people in it. And it turns out, their movies are getting pretty good. You, as a westerner might not like their movies, but your opinion doesn’t matter here, since you’re not the target market for this money.
And ironically, for a guy that professes the virtues of democracy, you’re talking about suppressing the Trump supporters, all 75 million of them that voted for him.
Did it occur to you that the Chinese don’t care about your democracy? You can vote for whoever you want. You can have all the gay rights you want. You can have all the abortion or pro-life you want. You can protest your leaders, or mock them all you want. All irrelevant to the Chinese and to the CCP.
What does the Chinese want? They just want to trade with you. And they’re willing to send their children to your schools and universities to learn English and your culture. At least before Trump threw this all away, and poisoned the well.
Did it occur to you, that the Russians are playing you instead? They’re sitting back and laughing now from the comedy of the past 4 years.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25842028
It has code that has been removed from Github
China has a capability to block arbitrary GitHub urls ... I don’t think this is that.
And I think, we, The West, have been getting it wrong. We are looking at China like a jealous neighbor, pushing back politically, through regulations and sanctions. Unfortunately that can only go so far. Thing is China is obsessed (and determined) about progressing and West is obsessed about protecting what it already has.
America needs to be obsessed about creating and innovating. Hard creation and innovation on a scale never seen before - like 1000x the man-on-the-moon scale.
china now is a lot more sane people that don't mess with politics/publicity enjoy comparable levels of freedoms to the west(In a lot of cases more economic freedom but in all cases no political freedoms) which makes them much more likely to succeed competing against corrupt west as it is now
Unless I am misunderstanding the culture that makes an open source ecosystem work, a free and open exchange of information and ideas is one of those fundamental things. When a thing is broken, sometimes you have to tell an authority the horribly embarrassing fact that the thing is broken. With the CCP controlling all information flows and what is or is not fact, then ISTM that pointing out that The Peoples' Authentication Protocol is fundamentally flawed and insecure could get one disappeared just as likely as it would get the protocol fixed.
Bug reports about a particular project? Provide a particular leader isn't embarrassed I don't expect anyone to care. I suspect they'd let the engineers fight it out and only care about the output.
If anything social media faces bigger censorship concerns in China... but social media does just fine...
What happens now that they have succeeded at this, remains to be seen.
Americas/Europe has Google? We'll make our own that the CCP can control Americas/Europe has Uber? We'll make our own that the CCP can control. Americas/Europe has GitHub? ...You see where this is going.
And like it's been noted many times before here, had Europe banned US companies like China had, maybe they would have a stronger software development culture, and they could control their own data instead of handing over everything to the US.
Of course they can then censor it as desired.
That was just a cover to enable outsourcing american jobs to a country without a level playing field.
Corporations and government sold out the US. The only guy to stand up to that just got run out of office and deplatformed.
The dems had Tulsi, but shes getting dissed by her own party already.
I know nobody here is quite that stupid, (although it bears mentioning the more theocratically regressive nation states we have around the world do actually do this, to women) -So this is at some level only a rhetorical complaint.
People need to understand that the Federated Chinese provinces and national government and the party are in a complex web of relationships, and power struggles have been a constant since before 1949.
Git, and use of open-source models and methods is not deeply alien to the Chinese political system, any more than Samizdat was unique to Russia. Many of the things done during the cultural revolution depended on people passing information, sharing ideas. The chinese fear of information and passing information has a domestic, as well as an international quality is what I am trying to say here.
So, there will be oppositional views on the use of Git inside China, and there will be attempts to regulate behaviour in ways which are a poor fit for what Git expects? Sure!
I don't beleive this is like digital communications as a weapon of soft power, something which was actively promoted by the US department of state, and explains some of their abiding interest in Internet governance, worldwide. I think this is something the Chinese face, and brought into their own situation completely unaided.
Lest we forget, Git was invented by Linus Torvalds, a citizen of an economiy in the non-aligned states.
Chinese does not fear information, it only fears "unauthorized" information flow.
There's a growing trend of people who would are otherwise vocal supporters of open-source suddenly being suspicious when a government they don't like uses open-source technology for their own gain, without asking Westerners for permission first. That's kind of the point?
A lot of people act like Chinese people don't understand concepts like accountability, transparency or open dialogue and therefore any open-source tool will be doomed to fail if it isn't controlled by wiser Western interests.
Open-source either is an universal concept or it isn't. Yes, the Chinese government will probably want some degree of control over their platform and will suppress free speech that threatens them, and yes, that's bad. But that doesn't mean open-source stops being a desirable thing as soon as the Chinese are doing it.
gitlab has been open-source for a while.
The U.S. could force MS to suddenly ban all China IP addresses. This would hamper software development for a month or so there.
Rooting this attitude is an observance of the events of the last fifty years. In others’ minds, Japan was competing pretty fairly, and beating the U.S. until the Paris accords. Russia was freed from communism, only to enter a 2nd-world decline in which it was mocked in major papers like the New York Times. The Iraq occupation, and the Arab Spring reinforced the distrust that the American goal of spreading its style of governance was more about itself than the rest of the world. It made for a good story, but it did not follow through. There is, above all, the inability of the third world to modernize under the American-supported capitalist framework.
The attitude given in the article is problematic because it doesn’t quite capture how Chinese engineers feel about this dynamic. It feels more like the narrative that Western Americans want to hear. I’ve gotten the impression that many feel that their government is overbearing. But I don’t get the sense that they trust what America says more. That’s a real legitimacy and credibility issue, and as we should know, politics is rooted in legitimacy. More one-sided criticism of China’s strategy is not going to help America’s case. It feels dodgy, too good to be true.
https://www.bunniestudios.com/blog/?page_id=3107 https://www.bunniestudios.com/blog/?p=4297
Many people (and I think including Xu) are not super optimistic about this.
What is stifling the Chinese software microcosmos from springing up great open-source projects like linux, reactjs, keras, ror, etc, is the 996 culture[1], bad wages, and backward management that are encouraged and enforced in (most) Chinese software companies. (Perchance a feature and not a bug under the current settings of the country's econcomical and political system?)
It'll be interesting to see many years down the road how much initutives like this will help to introduce a gradual paradim shift in the Chinese tech scene into a more liberaltarian one.
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/996_working_hour_system https://www.zhihu.com/question/347979262/answer/1304823875
So far there isn't much opensource written in China. I suspect because by keeping everything "closed source but easily stolen", it advantages innovation within China but prevents US companies using the same tech.
There are lots of opensource written in China.
I think you have mistaken my stance on this. The Chinese open-source microcosmos are pretty cool. It's just that I have yet seen anything reactjs-great[1], let alone linux-great.
Here are some github repos by the big players:
Ant - https://github.com/ant-design
TaroJS - https://github.com/NervJS
Tencent - https://github.com/Tencent
Baidu - https://github.com/PaddlePaddle
...
There are also many pretty nice libraries written and maintained independently by devs (or small startups) in China.
dayjs - https://github.com/iamkun/dayjs
GPT2 in Chinese - https://github.com/Morizeyao/GPT2-Chinese
Wechaty - https://github.com/wechaty
vercel ssg - https://github.com/shuding/nextra
...
[1]: For example, vuejs (https://github.com/vuejs/vue) is closed to being reactjs-great. It is by Evan You who is now New Jersey-based (though looks like he's quite involved in the Chinese tech scene which is pretty intriguing)
Open vs Star Office?
kde vs gnome
python 2 vs 3?
I guess that’s any form of nationalism though.
Remind me again when MS killed millions of people and committed genocide? I mean, Windows is horrible, but this is a bit much.
I apologize for the snark (I really don't think it's a good way to communicate) but this is a shockingly bad opinion. Comparing a bad company to a totalitarian regime that routinely abuses human rights cheapens real suffering and numbs people to real tragedy.
They can even force GNU open source to declare that this code is open source, except for non-democratic countries, such as China.
You, as an American citizen, are still under the legal jurisdiction of the long arm of federal laws.
They can probably even declare that all programs written in C or C++, are in effect, under American jurisdiction. Or even code that is encoded into x86 assembly, will be under American jurisdiction. And we know that all code written in China, uses the C programming language, as they have never developed their own technology stack.
In order to avoid this fate, then China must rip out everything from their country that has American technology, and develop their own technology stack, down to the ISA (Instruction Set Architecture). They cannot even use ARM or RISC-V, they must develop their own ISA, and call it CNA-1.
Then, they would have to develop their own programming language on top of this. Then their own operating system, and application software, to replace all American technology.
> So cnpm is meaning: Company npm.
Many of these authors are not even American citizens or residents.
Not all of it. A lot of code is uploaded without specifying a license, in which case the only granted rights are those required by the github terms of service. I don't remember the details, but think the ToS mainly allowed downloads and forking on github.
In the west we had a critical mass of open source software and then built GitHub. This is putting the cart before the horse.
Chinese developers are the second largest group of contributors on GitHub
there's also a billion and a half of them, most of them don't speak english (edit: not all of the Chinese people are developers of course)
Anyway, GitHub itself it's not OSS and it's owned by Microsoft
AFAIK open source contributions are not usually rewarded in China by employers, but that's true in general in Europe as well
it makes sense from the point of view of a country that has gained a leading position worldwide from accurately reproducing something that already existed.
judging from the number of Linux distro they are releasing I think they are pretty serious about it.