At first glance I thought that that can't possibly be right.
Some quick calculations for my Toyota Camry (non-hybrid): It gets about 7.8L/100 km, which is 62 miles, which is 126 mL per mile. A litre of petrol produces 2.3 kg of CO2, so that's 290 grams per mile.
Shit. Cars are worse than I thought!
Shit. EVs are worse than I thought!
EVs are not a panacea. Instead, we should look more into collective transport, better urban planning, more bike lanes, etc. Cars are a cultural issue, and more cars won't solve the problem, whether electric or not.
It is true that the small-scale methods currently being investigated cannot compete with the existing supply of raw material.
You are right though, EVs are not the solution.
Source: https://theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/EV-life...
Additionally, Tesla's relatively cost-effective (and hence energy-efficient) manufacturing of battery packs will bring this down, probably to well under 100 kg.
Source: https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/22/21450916/tesla-battery-pa...
Another way to look at this kind of thing is to directly convert dollars into CO2. This is assuming that all "economic activity" directly or indirectly uses energy, and that most energy is fossil-fuel based. This is actually a good way to estimate the maximum energy usage, because energy is fungible but businesses aren't a charity. They'll sell you something for the energy cost plus profit, but not less than the base energy cost.
A Tesla replacement pack costs roughly $15K and a matching solar panel to charge it would cost about $10K. That's the equivalent to burning $25K of a fuel such as petrol. Even before the pandemic, my fuel costs were quite low at about $1.5K/year, so it would have taken nearly 17 years to break even! An Uber driver might be able to achieve a net benefit for the environment in under a year.
I also prefer, in general, to stick to measurements of energy usage, and not CO2e or dollars, because energy usage is what matters. The rest can be manipulated by legislation, and leave too much to interpretation. If I burn some coal to power my manufacturing plant, that's a lot of CO2. If I burn a load of timber from a virgin rainforest to do the same, that's zero CO2, because that is defined as "sustainable".