What you don't know (unless you get 2nd/3rd/4th opinions from good dentists) is how necessary those truly are. Some dentists just work around things by recommending things you don't need. (Fill teeth, taking panorex, etc. unnecessarily)
She said that there's not always one "correct" treatment. Some dentists will try to nip potential problems in the bud, lest they get worse. Others have more of a wait-and-see attitude which can avoid some procedures but make others worse.
Doctors, plumbers, builders, and mechanics all do the same thing. Do you replace the brake pads now, while the wheels are off anyway, or do you squeeze another season out of them since there's still a bit left? Rebuild the whole deck, or maybe just replace the more banged up boards and wobbly railing?
Plus the huge disparity in recommended treatments is an indication some are just throwing shit at the wall to see what sticks:
https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/05/the-tro...
>Studies that explicitly focus on overtreatment in dentistry are rare, but a recent field experiment provides some clues about its pervasiveness. A team of researchers at ETH Zurich, a Swiss university, asked a volunteer patient with three tiny, shallow cavities to visit 180 randomly selected dentists in Zurich. The Swiss Dental Guidelines state that such minor cavities do not require fillings; rather, the dentist should monitor the decay and encourage the patient to brush regularly, which can reverse the damage. Despite this, 50 of the 180 dentists suggested unnecessary treatment. Their recommendations were incongruous: Collectively, the overzealous dentists singled out 13 different teeth for drilling; each advised one to six fillings. Similarly, in an investigation for Reader’s Digest, the writer William Ecenbarger visited 50 dentists in 28 states in the U.S. and received prescriptions ranging from a single crown to a full-mouth reconstruction, with the price tag starting at about $500 and going up to nearly $30,000.
A broken tooth is a much less complex injury than a broken arm. In many cases you don't even need to be a dentist to diagnose it. Try walking into a dentist office with a more complex injury that could involve multiple different dental specialties and severe underlying complications. You aren't going to get an immediate upfront price.
2. Dental x-rays are more often than not elective procedures. It's much easier to comparison shop elective procedures than emergency procedures. Therefore market forces frequently compel the dentist to come up with an up front cost for an x-ray.
The same market forces don't apply to hospitals because you can't wait a week or more while you shop around for treatment for a shattered hip.