I have a turbo'd rotary engine in a mostly-unmodified car that's at 140k miles without an engine rebuild.
I've had to replace numerous things under the hood due to the heat output though (wiring harness, everything rubber) or otherwise poorly designed (the weak alternators...).
If you discount design flaws in the early RX-8s wrt lubrication, turbo timing issues in the FDs, the oil metering pumps in FCs & FDs, the engines are pretty solid.
Almost all of the blown engines I've seen start wth people trying to increase boost.
The problem is that you can modify the car little by little and every way you do this puts stress on the engine. You have to modify the car a lot (fuel pump, injectors, engine porting, turbo wastegate modification, new exhaust, bigger alternator, ecu chipping/megasquirt, cooling upgrades) before the car can really handle the new power that it has without tearing itself apart.