Larry David and the Game Theory of Anonymous Donations
nautil.us
nautil.us
It is no judgement on the act itself. Of course charity with self promotion is better than no charity in most cases.
Personally I think it's ok to do altruistic things, and conclude from the evidence that you're an altruistic person. It is the most simple and straightforward explanation, and Occam's Razor is as sharp as ever. And given the way cognitive dissonance works, even a person who starts out as ego-driven will likely become more altruistic over time, if they do altruistic things with no concrete reward.
Since the Bible has already been mentioned, here is one key word to (mostly) put to rest this idea from a Christian perspective:
"But someone will say, “You have faith, and I have works.” Show me your faith without your works, and I will show you my faith by my works. " James 2.18.
I think from this (and the context) we can conclude that the Bible is very much in favour of putting in the actual work.
That said, a concept that I was introduced to when I was younger is that of "dead works", a concept that is harder to explain in a technical text only forum, but which sounds very much like what you describe based on the explanations I received: "how much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself without spot to God, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?" Hebrews 9.14.
Shortly summarized as far as I remember and understand "dead works" was explained to me as things you will do just because you feel you "have to" to please your conscience, not because of a drive inside you to do what is good and right.
Maimonides, the Jewish Philosopher, formulated a list of eight levels of giving, correlating to the degree to which the giver is sensitive to the needs and feelings of the recipient.
The second highest level is giving anonymously, where the recipient does not know the giver and vice versa. Receiving mutually anonymous tzedakah takes much of the sting out of being on the receiving end.
The highest level is helping someone become self-sufficient.
https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/256321/jewish...
1) They might know my name, but they don't really know who I am
2) I don't really get any social status bump for doing this, unless I go around telling people that I made this donation (in which case, i'd agree, it's not really anonymous anymore)
- religious prescription
- sincere support for a cause (a motivation other than one's own reputation)
- a desire to prove one's morality in one's own eyes
- desire not to embarrass the recipient
- desire to increase the apparent support for the cause generally
There are probably more.
Martin Nowak is the same Harvard professor who invited a convicted child rapist by the name of Jeffrey Epstein onto the Harvard University campus and gave him an office and a flattering web page on his program's website for several years until victims of sexual abuse at Harvard forced him to take it down.
This article was probably written to defend MIT president Rafael Reif's decision to mark Epstein's post-conviction donations to MIT as anonymous.
While Epstein was still alive, he was paying Nowak to publish articles about how punishment usually serves "no noble purpose," presumably because Epstein was still scared that he could be indicted on sex-trafficking charges despite attorney Allen Dershowitz' heroic efforts to secure an immunity deal for Epstein that protected him from future prosecution ... as well as all of his co-conspirators (think all of the professors like Prof. Martin Nowak who visited Epstein on "Pedophile Isle" ... some of whom have now also been accused of child rape).
In light of Epstein's "facilitation" of what are widely believed now to have been his own "anonymous" donations to Harvard (after a ban was imposed on accepting money directly from Epstein) through the mega-donations of billionaires Glenn Dubin and Les Wexner, this article is certainly worth reading again:
https://www.chicagojewishnews.com/2019/08/jeffrey-epsteins-j...
If you make a significant donation to any nonprofit that's big enough to have fundraising staff, you will continue to get mail from them for years. What's worse, some nonprofits share their mailing list with other organizations, so you may also start to get marketing material from other organizations as well.
[US-specific]: If you regularly make any non-trivial donations, it's worth considering setting up a donor-advised fund[1]. Among other benefits, it allows you to make donations anonymously, or to provide only your name, and no contact information.
This article was probably written to defend MIT president Rafael Reif's decision to mark Epstein's post-conviction donations to MIT as anonymous.
While Epstein was still alive, he was paying Nowak to publish articles about how punishment usually serves "no noble purpose," presumably because Epstein was still scared that he could be re-indicted on sex-trafficking charges despite attorney Allen Dershowitz' heroic efforts to secure an immunity deal for Epstein that protected him from future prosecution ... as well as all of his co-conspirators (think all of the professors who visited him on "Pedophile Isle").
In light of Epstein's "facilitation" of the mega-donations from billionaires Glenn Dubin and Les Wexner to Harvard, this article certainly strikes a resonant chord:
https://www.chicagojewishnews.com/2019/08/jeffrey-epsteins-j...
There's a broad spectrum of potential bad behavior impacting the results, ranging from straight up faking results on one end to p-hacking to just failing to publish relevant negative results or undesired results. An agenda can affect research in many, many ways, and it's absolutely relevant to whether you should trust a paper.
It shouldn't be that way. Not needing trust is rather the point of the scientific process. But it is.
[0] with caveats for convoluted circumstances such as a consensual BDSM scene where the drunkenness and the beating was negotiated and agreed to while sober, but didn’t seem to be the sort of thing you were talking about
Secondly: There’s a reason why I wrote “social norms” — although I’ve honestly never heard of Gentzen, I knew someone would think of something along those lines.
If one is part of a society that does or supports doing things which we consider to be evil, the social norm of that society is inclusive of that evil, and one who openly and enthusiastically supports that evil is still following their society’s social norms when they do so. Social norms are what keeps science healthy — without good social norms, people would’ve responded to p-hacking etc. by saying “great, let’s all do it!” rather than trying to fix anything.
The importance of comparison with social norms is also sort of reason why people aren’t thrown into insane asylums for claiming that the literal creator of the universe has personally ordered them to eat each week a small token of unleavened bread which have been magically transformed into human flesh by a prayer in honour of the last meal the supreme being had with his mates that one time he took human form right before he prearranged his own temporary execution in order to give his non-mortal other self an excuse to not put people’s immortal souls into eternal damnation by default.
Also the broad reason why Washington is not heavily criticised for owning slaves.
None of this is to say that evil social norms are not to be challenged or fought against, just that it’s really really unusual to have someone who can both do that and avoid taking down Chesterton Fences.
What you're suggesting is quite simple and has been done for as long as humans have been around and it has taken many names like Iconoclasm or Damnatio Memoriae.
The cynical in me suspects it's just a form of group-sycophantry, extreme conformism and virtue signaling.
Sorry mate, you can despise the person without disqualifying their speech a-priory, it's the definition of prejudice.
No, you’re not saying what I’m saying. I don’t even know how you can have that take given my 3rd and 5th paragraphs. (My 4th could’ve been clearer even if it was trying to make the same point).
It’s the willingness of someone to violate their social norms which I regard as a problem for quality research, not the fact my moral code is being violated.
Unless you want to suggest that Gentzen and von Braun were violating the social norms of the literal Third Reich by enthusiastically supporting the government of the country they lived in which was also The Third Reich, your claim is totally different to mine.
(That said, I really wish you’d chosen a less emotive example than figures from the Third Reich, as I don’t want to even implicitly compare this situation to that one).
While of course the nature and the extent of the crimes committed differ drastically from one another, there is still an interesting comparison worth drawing between how the legal process was corrupted in both cases in order to facilitate their respective misdeeds.
In the case of the Third Reich, it was jews, gypsies, etc.
In the case of "Epstein and his Jewish Enablers" (see the article linked in OP) it was underage white female "trailer park trash," as Ghislaine Maxwell herself liked to call them.
I’ve just looked up the phase “Damnatio Memoriae”: that’s way beyond what I had been thinking of even the worst case scenario — the worst punishment even for literal fraud should never be worse than that which happened to Mr Andrew Wakefield. For violating social norms all I’m advocating is more scrutiny and less trust-by-default, in proportion to the nature of the violation.
This feels like a stretch to put it mildly.
I think this covers that:
> This article was probably written to defend MIT president Rafael Reif's decision to mark Epstein's post-conviction donations to MIT as anonymous.
...it's just wildly implausible, or is that me? The author of this piece on game theory has written it at the behest of Reif, or to support Reif...somehow? I promise you Reif has no idea about this article.
The anonymous donations issue is a HUGE part of this. Trust me.
https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2019/7/10/20689134/jeffrey-eps...
https://www.insider.com/epstein-riyadh-saudi-arabia-private-...
https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/8/18/dubin-epstein-u...
https://columbusfreepress.com/article/jeffrey-epstein-there%...
https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/if-epstein-stole-fro....
https://dealbreaker.com/2019/08/les-wexner-writes-foundation...
https://www.queerty.com/jeffrey-epsteins-chilling-remarks-ho...
https://www.businessinsider.com/investigation-of-jeffrey-eps...
... and more and more to come for sure as criminal prosecution of Mr. Epstein's most famous "recruiter" gets underway, the daughter of disgraced publishing magnate Robert Maxwell.
So, in real life, a person can be extremely rigorous and honest in one area of life, and much less so in another.
Studies are (where possible) Double-Blind for a reason. The judgement of a researcher obviously affects study design. The goals of a researcher affect the way data is interpreted and presented in subtle and non-subtle ways. That’s not to mention the possibility of academic misconduct or outright fraud, which is axiomatically related to poor moral behavior.
[1] In actuality, there are many, but most have obvious flaws and contradictions.
"Punishment usually serves no noble purpose" is something that Martin Nowak has argued with members of the press, at a time when Mr. Epstein was scared that he could be re-indicted on the felony sex-trafficking charges, which in his case given the egregiousness of his misconduct would have almost certainly led to serving a life sentence in federal prison.
From your comment, I'm now starting to wonder if the word "noble" was accidentally misspelled in the Science magazine interview quoted above.
The best way to cancel a person like Nowak is to cite his work by replacing his name with initials only ... after firing him of course and denying him future funding.
Personally I don't think the scientific community would miss him all that much anyway. There are plenty of more decent scientists out there who can fill his size shoes.
I believe that scientific discovery is inevitable ... even if someone like Isaac Newton had died in the plague and not have worked out calculus there were other contemporaries of his caliber like Leibnitz to keep the field moving forward.
Thus I don't think that we need as a society to ignore the cruel behavior of child rapists, or their abettors, in the name of advancing science.
Epstein was facing a life sentence in federal prison and forfeiture of an estimated $500 million estate for his crimes if you need help understanding the seriousness of them.
The law views aiding and abetting sex-trafficking just as seriously as the crime itself.
Some of us are still holding out hope that Prof. Nowak will serve some hard time behind bars for what he did. He has no shame, but apparently still quite a few apologists.
You're missing the point. The crimes and the research are unrelated.
The fact that you consider this some kind of apologia for Nowak demonstrates that you are either unable or unwilling to understand. If Nowak tells you 2+2=4, are you going to say "No that must not be right, because you hung out with Epstein"?
Given his complicity in Mr. Epstein's heinous crimes against humanity, Mr. Nowak now needs to start following a little of his own advice: donate all future research results to the world "anonymously" to avoid forcing victims of sexual assault to have to relive their traumas from the mere mention of this child rapist enabler's name or the sight of his lying face.
Is that clearer now?
Worked pretty well in the case of Epstein, didn't it?
That's why some of us are not going to shut up when it comes to holding Mr. Epstein's "enablers" accountable this time around, got it?
Honestly, I had never heard of who Nowak was, and I probably never would have if you hadn't brought it up. If your goal is to relegate him to obscurity, you're doing the opposite.
https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/5/2/epstein-review-n...
Axios is a reliable source for updates:
https://www.axios.com/jeffrey-epstein-mit-billionaire-favors...
It has been said by the US Supreme Court that sunlight is the best disinfectant, and there are now a few international organizations out there which are fighting hard for increased transparency ... like GlobalWitness:
https://www.globalwitness.org/en/campaigns/corruption-and-mo...
Would not be surprised one day to learn that Alex Acosta received, for example, an unrecorded beneficial interest in real estate owned by Mr. Epstein in exchange for that "sweetheart deal," if the appointment by Trump to labor secretary was not reward enough.
If the recipient knows the donor but the pubic doesn't, that's confidential not anonymous.
As many of us already know, three triplets from France were allegedly "overnighted" to Mr. Epstein as a "birthday present" on his island in the Caribbean, where they were forced to perform oral sex on Mr. Epstein before being sent back home the next day, with the excuse being that the three girls were from a poor area of France whose parents desperately needed the money.
There are some out there, including Epstein himself in one of his last interviews with the press, who claim that pedophiles are the next "oppressed sexual minority" that needs to be liberated, comparing their plight to that of homosexuals in decades past.
The liberation that they seek, supported by ex-MIT luminaries like Richard Stallman, is nothing short of a redefinition of the legal notion of "consent."
As Epstein's longtime friend and Harvard law professor Allen Dershowitz argues to justify the "sweetheart deal" that he obtained for Mr. Epstein from US attorney Alex Acosta, if a 14 year-old is old enough to consent to an abortion after being raped, she must have also been old enough to consent to the statutory rape.
And so if you're from that camp, maybe taking money from Epstein is no big deal. It certainly wasn't for folks like Seth Lloyd, Joi Ito, Marvin Minsky, Steven Pinker, Stephen Kosslyn, Benedict Gross, Martin Nowak, Larry Summers, Larry Summers' wife, and countless others. Some even sent the convicted child rapist personally signed thank-you notes like MIT president Rafael Reif.
I know that I would not have taken his money, as well as most of my colleagues who took very unpleasant jobs in industry because they could not obtain funding the "old-fashioned way," which is by earning it through applying for primarily government-funded research grants that are subject to a peer-review process.
This is not to say that all of the research that government is funding is worth taxpayer money, or that there is enough money to fund the work that really needs to get done, for example in the medical domain.
My suggestion to Mr. Reif though is very simple: instead of taking money from convicted child rapists, why not try spending the billions that your university already receives from taxpayers more responsibly, especially at places like MIT Lincoln Laboratory, which he should know a thing or two about since he became president of MIT for his role in the cover-up of missile defense research fraud at MIT Lincoln Laboratory, which some observers believe led Susan Hockfield to unexpectedly resign from her position as president of MIT when the university was forced to enter into a settlement agreement with MIT Prof. Postol under the threat of facing potential criminal obstruction of justice charges, the terms of which are still sealed to this day.
What I can't understand is why academics like Martin Nowak or Benedict Gross never recommended chemical or physiological castration to Mr. Epstein in order to prevent their recidivist child molesting friend from re-offending.
The most plausible explanation is the huge amount of money that was likely in play here from Mr. Epstein's estimated $500 million estate, which could have easily incentivized "moral relativists" like Martin Nowak and Benedict Gross to intentionally look the other way.
In any event, Dick Gross once surprised a female graduate student in the Harvard math department by how he let his young children watch rather explicit material on cable television networks.
Combined with the fact that attorneys at Harvard Law School like Allen Dershowitz have argued "on constitutional grounds" that we need to lower the age of consent to 14 in order to accommodate an oppressed sexual minority that includes his pedophile friend, mentor and client Jeffrey Epstein, it's not hard to understand why this former dean of Harvard College would argue to the Harvard administration in 2013 that their convicted child rapist "patron of eugenics," who was also suspected of trafficking hundreds of underage girls to other members of his pedophile ring that allegedly included professors at Harvard and MIT, was "an ideal donor" for Harvard, according to recently released documents by the Harvard administration.
There is no payoff for making results go one way or another, for anyone here. It's not a study on whether red wine is good for you that's funded by donations from the alcohol industry. Nobody "pays" Nowak to publish anything, though they do fund his work--and to great effect.
What's more, taking money from bad people isn't ipso facto a bad or dangerous thing. Taking Epstein's money is, on basically any reading of the situation, just fine. Epstein gets nothing from these anonymous donations, and the world gets more science. Though pedophiles are one of the last groups in our society it is A-OK to abuse without limits, I would point out that it is possible for Epstein to be both a pedophile and someone genuinely interested in advancing science for the benefit of all, or out of a sense of wonder.
What makes a 'bad person', in your view?
shouldn't be cited as an impartial authority on anonymous donations. It's relevant.
No, I won't be doing this - my point is that his work is corrupted by his other actions. He publicly lied on the topic of his research, for personal gain, and was caught doing so. Why would I then trust the honesty of his research? There are millions of other researchers who are more deserving of my time.
Science is not completely objective. He can choose what to work on; he can choose how to present it; he can choose what to show and what to hide. It is not worthy just because it is done. Even if I trust that it is correct (and how can I?), it is a biased presentation.
There is often a positive feedback mechanism sometimes at work in these situations whereby the subjective value of an academic's work is often determined as a function of the prestige of the organizations with which he has been associated, which then leads to awards followed by even more prestigious associations.
And accepting almost $7 million from a child rapist like Jeffrey Epstein of course only corrupts this process further.
Citation / proof needed. There are more than a few Christians that take the words on donating[0] as literally as they can. How could this paper possibly make such a claim when the very way such donations are made make them virtually undetectable.
[0] Matthew 6:1-4
Quite self-evident actually. You don't need to circumvent a game theoretical modal to deliver the point.
Felt like the author of the paper is invoking game theory for the sake of invoking game theory. Disappointing peice.