The one thing I think is different about reading music is sight-reading, where you're reading it at speed while playing it. I can do that with music and text, but not computer code, even in a language that I'm super familiar with.
It took me a while to realize that I was doing this; I only figured it out from when it doesn't work. I can't do it when I'm looking at code that's dark-themed if I normally work with that code light-themed. In that case I have to read the code line by line. It's actually a strange feeling.
Some of my environments are dark themed for certain languages/environments so it's not the dark-theme itself that throws me off but something about the unexpected visual difference.
I'm sure if we tried hard enough we could come up with a pretty good analogy between data structures / algorithms and scales / arpeggios / etc... but I've never felt quite the same when recognizing a familiarish algorithm in code as I would when sight-reading some music and having my fingers perform the right kind of movements out of almost unconscious muscle memory.