You don’t have to speculate about this stuff. The OECD tracks out of pocket healthcare spending: https://www.oecd.org/health/health-systems/OECD-Focus-on-Out...

It’s a couple of hundred dollars a year more than Finland or Sweden, but nothing dramatic.

And the fees/co-pays are of course not the end of the road. People in Sweden and Finland pay a lot more taxes. They pay thousands of dollars more every year, even when they don’t get sick. Median after-tax disposable income, according to the OECD, is $14,000-16,000/year more in the US than Finland or Sweden.

Now, of course, Americans spend a significant part of that difference on deductibles, premiums, etc. But in most states it’s a few thousand dollars a year on average. https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2...