That doesn't mean they accept everything as fact. They may simply not choose to question because of fear of punishment, or for any other number of reasons.
>Then when they're adults they lack any kind of critical thinking skills because they've been miseducated and they're easy targets for disinformation.
That is a giant leap of logic.. or faith. Case in point :- I went to a religious school (though, it was more of a hippie religious school), and many of my classmates became atheists later in life. :)
I think there a large room for even further nuance about how humans develop and all the factors that shape our thinking. Simply forcing a 'critical thinking' class into the curriculum won't give them any benefit any more than attending an entrepreneurship class will make you an entrepreneur.