Windows containers are Windows specific, and the base image is like 1+ GB. I think the best solution is run Linux cause that is what containers were created for and are the most performant on.
You can start here for an historical perspective,
https://www.zdnet.com/article/ibm-mainframe-containers-grow-...
Then read about MFT and MVT here
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS/360_and_successors
https://community.ibm.com/community/user/imwuc/browse/blogs/...
You can eventually also delve into the world of IBM i, z/OS and Unisys ClearPath MCP.
In what concerns UNIX clones,
HP-UX Virtual Vault (which I used in the 2000's, however docs are hard to get freely online, after it got replaced by HP-UX Security Containment)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP-UX
ftp://ftp.hp.com/pub/security/VVSCdepots/VVSCAdminGuide.pdf
https://myenterpriselicense.hpe.com/cwp-ui/free-software/Sec...
Solaris Zones
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solaris_Containers
FreeBSD jail
https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/jails.html
AIX LPAR
https://sort.veritas.com/public/documents/sfha/6.0.1/aix/pro...
Tru64
http://www2.phys.canterbury.ac.nz/dept/docs/manuals/unix/DEC...
So while Linux containers are all over the place in 2020, Linux had zero influence in technology per se, and like Windows is just catching up with the mainframes and UNIX old timers already offered during the last couple of decades.
https://blog.aquasec.com/a-brief-history-of-containers-from-...
The containerization solutions you're referring to didn't gain widespread adoption like Docker and Kubernetes because they weren't as polished and lacked features and functionality that is available today. Windows containers have a big image requirement, and most server-side software is already optimized for Linux so they aren't in high demand. Just take a look at Docker Hub and tell me how many Windows containers you find compared to Linux, especially the official images of the most common software.
As for the number of Docker images with Windows, that is just a side effect of Windows containers being relatively recent and most public cloud deployments being anyway based on Linux distributions.