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Unicode (1889)

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63 pointspolm2323 comments

I wonder whether anyone ever used one of the many tasteful words-are-money-saving options under the Births Section (and if so, how the recipient felt about it):

    Confined this morning, Boy, both doing well    -> Ampulla
    Confined this morning, Boy dead, Mother weak   -> Amygdala
    [...]
    Confined to-day. Twins, one alive, a girl. Mother not expected to live -> Angina 
    Confined to-day. Twins, both dead, Mother well   -> Anguifer
    [...]

I would expect the sad answer is that these outcomes were common enough to warrant an entry in the list.

Is there any evidence this book ever saw widespread use or are we looking at the 19th century equivalent of one of these extremely money saving inventions of late 20th century tele-shopping? Even if general-audience coding schemes like this enjoyed some popularity (I do not know but am rather doubtful), it does not mean that everything in such a book saw usage. Did people employ a code word to save a fraction of a pound on placing a 4000 pound lay bet (another example) at presumably greatly increased risk of the bet getting cocked up completely or to concisely inform the family that whilst the mother was a goner but at least the female baby twin survived? It would be fascinating if they did, but maybe a bit of scepticism is in order.

> Is there any evidence this book ever saw widespread use

Commercial code books like this were quite common and available in office supply shops apparently into the 1960s at least. The point of these code systems was not to keep a secret but to significantly reduce the cost of sending telegrams which charged by the word (and were handled by humans so you couldn’t save money by omittingspacesbetweenwords — the clerk taking your order would just put a stroke between the words and would declare the charge.

I originally learned this because, back when we had paper appointment books, they also often included appendices with handy info: time zones, common abbreviations, etc and when I was a kid, vestigial telegraph codes. Dictionaries often had sections with stuff like that to, and these were quite important in translation dictionaries.

Into the 70s phone trunks were quite limited and you often had to reserve a long distance phone line ahead of time, so telex/telegraph survived quite late. I was sending email and casually logging into remote machines over the net in the late 1970s yet to book a plane ticket in the 1980s could still require sending a telex.

This is why I qualified with "general-audience" -- I have no doubt that different industries/companies etc worked out vocabularies to optimize costs, or even that there were some common shared codes. But did the vestigal telegraph codes you saw look anything like the stuff in this book? I might well be completely wrong -- I have no dependable intuition about the period at all -- but I somehow can't shake the impression that this is mimicry rather than the real thing. Sort of like mongodb successfully convinced countless naïfs that it was some sort of google bigtable style technology that would simplify their lives, handle their scaling and save them lots of money (whereas in reality it was vastly inferior to existing free RDBMs offerings in all metrics save marketing and ease of (unauthenticated) installation).

The fact that common ones were listed in general audience documents like day planners and dictionaries should tell you it was important. You can even see commonplace examples pop up in old novels and even movies from time to time — if you don’t know, they can sound like weird slang, which of course is what they are.

Also pretty general purpose: sure, I imagine some companies had special codes, but as they would sell these books at stationary stores they were the kind of thing you’d need to go buy if you list yours or left it at home, say as a traveling salesman. After all, reducing “six units of model “luxury natural” need replenishment” to “AVOCADO SIX REPLENTISH STOP” saves you 5/8ths of an expensive charge probably coming out of your commission.

A hundred years ago a stamp cost a penny, a newspaper or cigar five cents and a five word telegram could cost a dollar (with Western Union that included physical delivery to an address, though you had to tip the boy).

I'm more interested what happened when some letters were falsely translated. How did they handle copy and transmission errors?

The redundancy in our languages is an important characteristics which reduces the chance of false understanding.

According to the Preface (see page v):

> This compilation, however, has been made under the personal supervision of telegraphic experts of long experience, and it is claimed for it that the cypher words are from their telegraphic construction the least liable to erroneous transmission by the operators.

Of course, I can't vouch for its success, but the issue was at least considered.

The book has a list of users starting on page 118, so evidently the code had some success. Whether everything in the book is used is another matter entirely, but the extra coverage doesn't hurt.

On the other hand, this particular version is apparently the Sixth Edition of the book, which suggests it may have enjoyed at least some level of use.

All the code words are Latin, which gives a bit of context for one of the famous one-word telegrams of the 19th century. After conquering the Indian province of Sindh, Charles Napier sent back "peccavi" (I have sinned).

Except that apparently he didn't actually send it, at least according to this account: http://www.historyworld.net/Articles/PlainTextArticles.asp?a...

"Thanks" for exploding this myth, that I've thought true for decades....

Yes, it was something of a disappointment to me, too.

Looking at the "similar items" list gives us quite a number of competing schemes for coding words. The "Anglo-American telegraphic code" in particular seems to have gone all out -- it's 500 pages long, four times the length of "Unicode", with over 27000 code words.

My grandfather also had a Unicode of his own back in the 1970s. It was a physics unifying language.

http://www.lacikam.co.il/j/index.php/unicode/intro http://www.lacikam.co.il/unicode/pub/patent/patent-book-OCR....

The original book is in germany, but I think an English translation is available somewhere.

>To decipher this message refer to the Unicode . . . . . Unicode

I wonder what the purpose of this cypher word is. So that if someone doesn't know about Unicode, they find out what it is by checking what each word means?

Telegraphs charged by the word, a lot

"In 1860, for example, a ten-word telegram sent from New York to New Orleans cost $2.70 (about $65 in 2012 currency). When the transcontinental telegraph opened, the cost was $7.40 for ten words (about $210), while a ten word transatlantic message to England cost $100 (about $2,600)."

https://newatlas.com/last-telegraph-message/28314/

That's why in those old movies and plays everyone always looked dreadfully concerned about making sure someone got their telegraph message, that thing was pricey.

Incredible that it's cheaper now to physically travel across the Atlantic and deliver your 10 word message in person, all expenses paid, than it was to send it by wire.

Remember all those little two-letter abbreviations when 140 character SMS were dominating all remote communication, and those messages were still expansive? "Code" like that quickly establishes itself in narrow text communication and apparently the desire to make a quick buck by selling a "reference manual" isn't new either. My guess (from looking no further than the title I have to admit) is that this is a legitimate predecessor to stuff like this https://www.amazon.com/Text-Message-Abbreviations-Reference-... or https://www.amazon.com/-/de/dp/1467999466

In this case, the author(s) sure had a hand for wording!

Oh, this is fun. Nuribus natatio nitraria pacator filum!

That's ... a booty call with a bit of a back story?

Here's the decoded text:

Nuribus: "Mistake has been discovered and rectified."

natatio: "Marriage has been postponed indefinitely."

nitraria: "Can you meet me as suggested?"

pacator: "This communication is strictly private."

filum!: "Reserve a double-bedded room for tonight!"

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