I for one am quite dubious when it comes to the idea of people learning Coffeescript "instead" of Javascript. I don't think you should pick up CS until you have at least a moderate understanding of JS.
Also, I don't think CS is a tool to abstract away these problems from DEVELOPERS...that is, it's not so developers don't have to understand these issues...it's a tool to abstract away these problems from your CODE...so that you don't have to write all sorts of repetitive, dense, and gnarly code to work around all this stuff
. A lot of times when Coffeescript comes up, people think that it's purely for people that don't "understand" Javascript, but this is not the case at all. I know some supremely knowledgeable Javascript developers who have adopted it.
Tooling is, imho, one of the biggest drawbacks of Coffeescript at this point; however it's making progress. Coffeescript produces fairly clean and readable code (though it is very verbose), and it also has pass-through syntax for both code and comments...so tools like Closure Compiler could be used on the generated Javascript without a whole lot of trouble.
Some tools can be adapted by the user to use CS, and in other cases the creators are working to support Coffeescript (there are some at Mozilla who want to add debugging, etc support for CS). In cases where all else here fails, the community is working on providing Coffeescript versions.
Some people may not want to use it, or may be unable to due to some tool or workflow not being supported; but I've found most JS devs I know able to pick it up and use it quite easily with good returns.