Finance/statistics : The Black Swan by Nicholas Nassim Taleb The Drunkards Walk by Leonard Mlodinow
Math/science history : Euclid's Window by Leonard Mlodinow A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson
Physics: Newton's Principia for the Common Reader by S. Chandrasekhar
Lit: The Brothers Karamazov by Fyodor Dostoevsky House of Leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski East of Eden by John Steinbeck
Philosophy: Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind by Shunryu Suzuki Any of the upanishads but probably Kena Upanishad, Isha Upanishad, or Prashna Upanishad at first (selected for (relative) ease in readership by yours truly) Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance by Robert M. Pirsig (for a gentle introduction into Eastern thought)
I'm missing countless others but this is what I have right now. Thanks for the prompt and happy reading! :)
There is a fantastic book called "The Universal Computer: The Road from Leibniz to Turing" by Martin D. Davis that makes a very good job of explaining the context of Gödel's theorem, the theorem itself and the relation with computing in an accesible way. I'd recommend it to anyone interested either in computers or in Gödel's theorem.
There is also a more approachable overview on the In Our Time BBC podcast : https://pca.st/episode/a9d582c0-ec2a-0132-1126-059c869cc4eb