Ask HN: Best Book(s) to Learn CS Degree Take-aways?

I'm mainly self-taught as a programmer. There are a variety of topics in a CS degree that I would like to study, like Big O and Sorting, Data structures, NP-Complete problems, Information Theory, etc.

I can teach myself most anything, if I'm working from a well-written, accessible, text. So I'm wondering if anyone can recommend a book, or small set of books, that will bootstrap the "important takeaways" from a CS degree?