Food Delivery Is Magical Thinking
nytimes.com
nytimes.com
- the cost of food itself
- chef and kitchen staff salaries
- waiter salary/tip
- profit margin
- rent
I'm assuming that the waiter salary/tip will cover delivery costs... so, the cost for the consumer will mostly remain the same.
The cost saving will come from the fact that if the restaurant operates just the kitchen, they don't need excellent location. A part of this saving can be claimed by the company that makes the app.
The rent difference between where you can have a restaurant vs where you can have just a kitchen in the same general area is huge in most places... so I think the business opportunity is real.
Now, the companies are competing to grab market share, and most restaurants still have the same restaurant kitchen, so we haven't seen those changes, but I think it's just a matter of time.
Another option for cost savings is on the fly demand pricing of meals. Through some process of ingredient availability, customer analytics, registered interest(voting or something), etc, the centralized kitchen could decide to make a particular dish at a greater volume/lower cost which could then be passed on to consumers. i.e. Tuesday is 'spaghetti night' and you can feed your family for 50% less than other options.
I believe this may be how many cafeterias operate. Cafeterias are a good analogy because you have an environment already saving on wait staff and gratuities.
This might seem odd to a typical HN reader who spends $300+ on sushi dinners in SF, but this sort of thing could appeal to many people with less income and without the time to prepare meals themselves. It probably won't work until we can automate the delivery process, but I think at some point the economics will work out in certain markets.
There's nothing inherent to the delivery app business that makes this possible. This has always been possible, but it doesn't really happen on any significant scale.
This is happening right now: see 'ghost kitchens' on delivery apps, with three or four different 'restaurants' that are actually operating out of the same location.
Huh?
Wait for the check.
Get the check, attach a credit card to it.
Wait for the wait staff to return and get it.
Wait for the wait staff to run the card.
Wait for the wait staff to return with your card.
Do some math for a tip, sign the receipt.
It’s also mildly concerning to leave your bare credit card (with pretty much everything they need to commit fraud with it) with a complete stranger.
The waiter or waitress turns up with the bill, I glance at it, I tap my card, or if it's a larger sum insert it and type in my PIN.
Worst case scenario it's 30s.
I'm pretty sure that your agreement with your card company includes that you must not let anyone else touch the card, let alone take it away.
Even then, we have just the chip, no PIN.
(There is a PIN for like, ATM transactions, but if I go to Europe, I still have to sign, even if they do the contactless thing. Folks (reasonably) almost never expect it, and have to go find a pen...)
Even at the counter, as a sibling mentions, a few places offer a chip, but no pin. Quite a few will still only have swipe readers.
The last few times I went to a sit-down restaurant (Before March, when the hammer fell), it was still done that way.
I only got a completely contactless card... last month. October.
In the US this is the standard way restaurants work, and it is very strange when they do not work this way. At the low end there will sometimes be a cashier who accepts payment.
This actually happened to me at the Santa Clara Convention Center bar of all places.
- Ask for check -> waiter brings check -> put card in fold, wait ?? minutes for waiter to return to grab card -> wait ?? minutes for waiter to run card and return it -> sign receipt and leave.
On a busy night, this ritual could last 15-20 minutes.
To be fair, in some countries in Europe (and a small number of restaurants I've been to in the US), it's more like:
- ask for check -> waiter brings hand terminal to table -> swipe card, then leave
In Australia they bring the Eftpos machine to your table and I'm pretty sure it's illegal for them to touch your card.
I think this is more of a cultural thing than anything. if americans are in a rush, we get takeout or go somewhere that doesn't have full table service. I think the "credit card ritual" is usually just a way to show they are not rushing you out the door.
something to understand about america: in general the protections for ordinary folks are pretty bad, but the act of paying for a good/service is sacred. if you (or one of your employees) fuck over a customer, they have ample remedies against you.
Pretty sure you're explicitly not supposed to do this...
Doesn't it have everything needed to make online purchases printed on it? What stops the waiter or waitress using all the info on Amazon?
Most people don’t want to go to jail after their fraudulent purchase is quickly flagged
credit card issuers heavily favor the customer in disputes. lots of people unknowingly make chargebacks in situations where it's actually not legal to do so. it still gets processed, the customer gets their money back, and the merchant eats a punitive fee.
At a certain point you just have to trust that most people aren't trying to scam or rob you. The waiter is too busy putting in other orders and bussing tables to write down all your card details (and I guess social engineer your billing zip code?) I imagine most people who make their living from credit card fraud would rather not spend their days working in a restaurant.
But... you don't have to just trust as you say... we already have technology that means you don't have to let them have your card at all.
Plus isn't taking the card away from you a lot slower even if it wasn't also less safe? What's the advantages?!
It's not a huge deal if they run your card for the wrong amount, as you say it can be fixed by AMEX. But if they skim your card and start using it days/weeks later, it's hard to pin down where the fraud started. And you probably have to replace your card, and update the card for vendors that you use auto billpay with.
If you do that and it gets abused the bank wont cover you, you'll be liable to pay up whatever the abuse was.
That's because by regulation you (the consumer) will not be liable for credit card fraud if they steal the number and other info and use it elsewhere. If they physically steal the card and use it elsewhere your max liability per regulation is $50.
Regardless of fine print these are the max limits of your loss. That's why nobody worries about it.
https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/unauthorized-credit-...
Delivery means you are not even going out from your house, which can only make those browsing sessions while eating longer and more depressive.
"Will" is doing double duty in that sentence. Maybe with some futuristic delivery tech (Rainbows End-style pneumatic cannons?) that would be possible. Today, delivery costs are covered by VCs and by paying drivers less than minimum wage. (58% of California voters approve!)
You are closer to the truth than you may realize.
It's a little-known fact that there once was an underground tunnel that delivered piping hot burritos from the SF Bay Area to hungry customers in New Jersey.
Behold the Alameda-Weehawken Burrito Tunnel:
https://idlewords.com/2007/04/the_alameda_weehawken_burrito_...
The competition mentality in hospitality businesses is cut-throat and deeply ingrained. If they saw a profit margin, they would attempt to push the delivery service out of the market. If I'm a regular at Toby's Popular Take Away, it seems unlikely that Toby would sit quietly while Uber made money. He would try to muscle in on the distribution too.
It is unlikely that the market share they are fighting for is defensible. A lot of people aren't fighting for it at the moment because there is no profit to be found. The app part might get commoditised or done in a community manner or by some random dude as a side project, it wouldn't be too hard to get local businesses on side with an idea like that. It doesn't need to be a big company.
Unlikely. At least, not a non-exploitative delivery cost. Beyond the employee cost and mileage, there’s the fact that (in the US) delivery drivers are also tipped. They’re also probably more expensive for a company to insure.
I wouldn't be so sure of that. delivery is inherently less profitable for the restaurant. a single employee can serve many more dine-in and especially take-out customers in an hour than they can as a delivery driver. at the same time, you are throwing maintenance and insurance for a vehicle into the equation. you can push a lot of this cost onto the driver, but not all of it. I also doubt that the location savings are that substantial. you don't need to lease the prime real estate that everyone walks by, but you still need to be within a 15-20 minute drive of your customer base. any property within 20 minutes of a dense area tends to be expensive to rent.
there are already a few take-out/delivery only places in my area. the only ones that seem to be doing well have pretty bad food for the price.
We're comparing to the customer driving to the restaurant, right? So this was always a cost the customer was paying and it's just moved into the transaction
Sure, but right now all of those takeout prices are from restaurants with retail locations. A ghost kitchen that offers delivery could be undercut by a ghost kitchen offering pickup, but in general they'll have a price advantage versus a retail restaurant with a more expensive location and more square footage.
The calculus is especially favorable toward ghost kitchens during pandemic-induced lockdowns, when people aren't otherwise out and about. If I'm driving home from work and can easily stop by a restaurant for takeout, that doesn't cost me much time. But if I'm at home 24/7, then I factor in the time spent going to get food. That makes ghost kitchens with delivery somewhat more attractive.
On one side being home 24/7 gives me a lot more time to cook myself, on the other side going out to buy food finally makes sense, it's one of the few occasions I have now to go out and have a walk in the open.
There is a different market for customers that are willing to pay the cost of delivery, they usually have more mouths to feed, and those mouths are pickier.
If anyone is ever brave enough to actually test this I think they would be surprised, especially during COVID.
Restaurant doesn't deliver? Provide an option to deliver for $20 and I am certain that you will get orders.
As a rule, if one just rents the place on the street behind the one where all the people go, one can cut the rent by 1/3 or 1/2. A kitchen only place can function underground or on a high floor, what takes most of the price out again.
Business model is gaining popularity as food delivery apps gain a foothold in Canada
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/ghost-kitchen-calgary...
In this covid times when I don't want to cook I simply go downstairs and order a take out from one of the tens of restaurants around, where I can get the same quality of a dine in at half the price while also supporting local businesses that are suffering.
Food delivery is overrated in my opinion and also unfair to workers.
The only reason I found to order from a delivery company is to skip the waiting line at McDonald's those rare times I feel like having junk food on a Sunday night while watching a movie and don't move from the couch.
But if I want a good pasta I simply order to the guy at the restaurant below my home from the window, don't even need to phone them, and they give me the food in a regular dish, not some lousy plastic wrap that I just return when I have time.
So for takeout, I just order food, and often just drink tap water. I also assume I'm not the only one doing that, so for the restaurants, a significant part of their profit dries up.
They'll have to adjust to that somehow, most likely by increasing food prices, or by cutting into the extra profit from rent differences that you have laid out. If they do exist, I'm not yet convinced.
(1) Restaurants are closed for indoor dining (or obviously should be anywhere they aren't). You literally can't sit in a restaurant in good faith, anywhere in the US today.
(2) The Food Delivery app prices are usually 5% to 20% higher than the in-dining counterparts.
(3) In addition to that, the order/delivery fees are much higher than all other competitors. (At least, on my app the 'delivery fee' from GrubHub is 25% higher than the equivalent delivery fee from the local Pizza Hut and Panera Bread, for example)
(4) And because of all of that, the default tip rates are also higher than all other delivery services.
(5) Despite all of the above, everyone is still paying for it. Paid-in-full delivery purchases are at an all-time high, despite all-time high prices for it.
(6) There's a massive record-high unemployment due to people who have lost their jobs from the pandemic! It's cheaper than ever to pick up folks as part-time drivers. And pizza places generally actually employ their drivers, delivery apps lie to the feds and claim their employees as 1099-contractors, cutting their costs even lower.
Sure, DoorDash's "efficiency" claims are all lies. But who cares, they don't need "magically efficient logistics" to make their model work, this model has already worked for every single random pizza place or equivalent from the past 40+ years straight.
These delivery-only-apps have the highest revenue and margins (while having the lowest overhead cost and lowest employee cost) of any food service business I've ever heard of. They've been handed the best possible scenario for their business. How they aren't wildly profitable right now is absolutely due to ridiculous management/financing shenanigans alone, and not because "ordering food for delivery via touch-tone telephone" is some inherently unsustainable business practice.
https://careers.panerabread.com/global/en/c/restaurant-deliv...
(I get that technically Panera just started offering pizza now, but like 90% of their menu is not pizza and hasn't been for most of the year.)
Most restaurants are not turning out food that is both extremely cheap and fast to make in high volume.
That also means that there is less cash around to go to (incredibly expensive) takeout compared to cooking rice & beans at home (where people are now for much longer, without a commute).
Cooking rice and beans at home is cheaper, better for the environment and more healthy than most of the food on door dash.
At some point only one or two will be left standing and that's when they'll start to make a profit.
Say hello to Dabbawala
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dabbawala
>>The union initiation fee is 30,000 rupees, which guarantees a 5,000-rupee monthly income and a job for life.
Have some respect towards struggles of fellow human beings.
There is a very big single reason the model for last minute order has limited efficiency: how many stops can a delivery driver make before the last delivery is unacceptably late? Basically the suburbs are out of the game, places with prevalent traffic lights are out of the game, that mostly lives bikes/mopeds in the hearts of old world cities.
Yes and? Normally you know when you eat lunch right?
>how many stops can a delivery driver make before the last delivery is unacceptably late?
See that's why last minute is BS.
The food industry is over-optimising for speed. Especially drive-throughs. Every time I've been through one recently the order has come out almost instantly, but made wrong.
Absolutely! Good food needs time. It's no wonder that we eat shit when we think it has to be prepared in 5 minutes and delivered in 30.
Ahh this is why Uber and UberEat/DoorDash works in the US?
And you know where they safe your money? The quality of your delivered food...say hello to your instant sauce.
BTW: It's exactly the same..since you pay at least 10x more for your food/delivery/app-service
music, movies, microcode, high-speed pizza delivery.
Apparently the author is not aware that DoorDash in fact operates "industrial kitchens that churn out meals only for delivery": https://www.businessinsider.com/doordash-ghost-kitchen-silic...
I think we should really have regulation to break that ridiculous pattern.
I don’t even get delivery directly from a restaurant, preferring to pick up takeaway myself as I can be more assured of having the food have the least possible time sitting around getting cold and mushy. If I were sick is the only remotely common case where I’ll order delivery.
Even there, I’m perfectly capable to call my local restaurant. If someone ends up dominating this field, it’ll be because the local restaurants gave up an enormous advantage they started with.
I don’t see any amount of “optimized route planning” that’s going to get customers food that’s sat around less, tastes better, or costs less which are the only things I can see durably disrupting the “I give you money and you give me food” market.
Uber and Lyft (the progenitors of this model) have been losing money hand over fist for over a decade now, and are both public companies and are still losing money.
Food delivery is incredibly unprofitable (because of the last-mile problem and the fact that it needs to be quick), and Uber have forced otherwise profitable companies to compete with their unprofitable model.
Here's a good review: https://ftalphaville.ft.com/2019/11/11/1573464859000/Deliver...
The complaint is that food delivery is wholly inefficient to the point of unsustainabilty, but then says this is stopping more sustainable options. How so? Thankfully there is nothing other than VC dollars propping this up and so if you can come up with a more efficient approach you will win as there is a proven market it should be easy to come in and out compete.
The bigger they are (WeWork, Uber) the more satisfying they are to watch get “fixed”.
The market will eventually find the price, fear not.
Also applies to competitors of Venture funded vortexes like Uber/Lyft/Doordash.
Sure, in the long run your cloud kitchen with guest chefs and nifty social networking features might be a more sustainable model in the long run. But you'll never find out because your effort will be murdered by Uber's marketing spend.
Plenty of other problems, but our urban/suburban sprawl presents challenges.
A fairly new addition to this are what I would say are "food aggragator services", like: https://www.damejidlo.cz/en/
The provide a common interface for restaurants that cooperate with them in a given area, so you just search the street or location you are in and it will show you the restaurants that provide deliveries in that area & their menus. The main added value is in this case convenience - you can just click what you want and have ti delivered without calling someone. They also have their own cars so they can offer deliveries from restaurants that otherwise don't offer deliveries. Also they make it possible to pay for most deliveries by card.
The downside is of course that not every restaurant that does deliveries is in their system & substantial cut they are taking from the money that goes to the restaurant to cover their services. Which most likely explains why there are restaurants missing in their list.
These delivery/logistics companies are really trying to be marketing companies rather than behind the scenes logistics.
Customers go to the delivery company to order their food rather than to the restaurant. Restaurants pay fees just to be listed. Delivery company gets a cut of every sale AND they charge the customer a delivery fee AND a "service" fee, which I've found to be roughly 2x the tax rate (which is very high here already). Restaurants a lot of the time make menu items more expensive to offset the cut of the sale that the delivery company takes... which also makes the "service fee" charged to the customer higher. Don't forget, still need to tip the driver, because they are not being paid a living wage.
It is a shit business. Companies trying to be unicorns and don't want to be relegated to being behind the scenes. Even with all the insane fees, they still don't make money.
Make a habit of asking the restaurant how they'd prefer you to place your order.
It isn't and thus you've got all the VC cash making up the difference.
Something like Hellofresh seems much more viable. Not heated & more than 1 meal per shot.
These facilities can share personnel, stock and equipment between different brands. Larger volumes may allow investment in more automation. Facilities can be optimized for quick pickups. The whole food preparation process can be optimized together with deliveries to allow courier to deliver more food on one run.
No you don't. You go to a store and buy processed ingredients that have satisfied numerous legal requirements and inspections to ensure product safety, which are enforced by a vast bureaucracy. The store you bought your ingredients from offered many product options, including food from other countries. In the medieval period you would not be able to afford anything that was not grown further than a few miles from your home unless you were rich.
You prepared those ingredients in your home, which has electricity and running water, and a stove and oven that you can turn on with a knob instead of starting a wood fire. You don't share your home with livestock.
If you are unwilling to prepare your meals with a knife (even though all of the meat has already been cut into "cuts of meat" for you), you can buy food processors, blenders, meat slicers, and other contraptions to make things as easy as possible.
To say that your food preparation is similar to the way people did it before the Industrial Revolution is ridiculous.
Which is quite an enjoyable activity and not a relic of the past.
Pre made food has been everywhere around you, you just didn't notice.
When was the last time you made your own bacon or olive oil or sugar, pepper, salt, etc etc?
(I grew up in a farm, we made all of that, except for the salt)