That sounds more like an issue with Zoom and the Chromebook. :/ My ~8 year old desktop works great with video chat in Firefox.
Then again my 8 year old desktop has 32GB of RAM and it is amazing what throwing 32GB of RAM can do to solve problems.
I've actually used video chat in multiple web apps for years now w/o issue though. In theory almost every aspect of video chat should be offloaded to GPU, the browser should just be a dumb canvas to throw pixels at, if that isn't the case then something has gone wrong somewhere in a particular setup. :(