Looking at the test results I realized that these masks[0] which are available on Amazon scored quite high on their tests. Looks like they only tested 10 of them[1], the lowest of which scored a 94% which isn't quite at the N95 threshold, but clearly better than a flimsy piece of cloth or even a proper surgical mask. Pretty frustrated I didn't know about this earlier since I could have reduced my risk of coronavirus exposure this whole time.
[0]: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B085BNBZDR/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b...
[1]: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/respirators/testing/results/...