Only one I can think of is https://0x0.st, but it is more limited than either of these, including file size (512 MB vs 10 GB for transfer.sh), file types (executable types banned), blocks TOR exit nodes, etc etc. The person running it seems to want to take an active moderation approach to prevent it from being abused, which could be good or bad depending on your point of view.

Another option (if Bittorrent or Wormhole aren't usable) is to host the file yourself with IPFS, and take advantage of Cloudflare's free gateway with caching to limit the bandwidth needed to send the file to multiple people. There are also pinning services for IPFS that you can pay for with Bitcoin (or usually, non-anonymous methods as well).

For casual stuff, I imagine most people on HN have a personal server that they can just sftp files to. I certainly do that, but there are some contexts in which that's not workable.

Edit: someone in the Firefox Send thread shared https://femto.pw