If your adversary has a god level view of the network then it's really hard to achieve strong anonymity. The article mentioned large network operators that can monitor a significant fraction of all traffic in the country. If you were the Chinese Government you would have an even better view into the network. Especially if you send a large file somewhere which makes it easy to correlate the TCP session.

For real anonymity you need something that scrambles and delays your traffic to make it harder to track. Something that breaks big transfers up into a bunch of small transfers, sends them via different routes, and generally makes your experience miserably slow.