One factor that is missing from this post is the processing time on the backend which is also insanely fast. This post only considers frond-end optimizations.

On the author's benchmark, a roundtrip seems to take on average 30ms, and the time to first byte for the main content is around 140ms. Which means that in less than 110ms Google is able to parse the search query, and build the HTTP response.

I'm sure they are heavily relying on caches and other optimizations, and for tail-end requests the result might not be as impressive. But compared to many other websites in 2020 this is still unfortunately not the norm.