Therefore, I would say that taking a portion from those who have an excess and giving it to those who do not have enough is within the legitimate role of society.
I could not agree more with this statement.<
Money has to come from someone's paycheck, hence the redistribution of money mentioned.
I think the argument you're trying to make is that CEO's of larger companies should make more money comparatively. That may be true (you want the best people in charge of the most people), but you would expect that wage growth to be more linear in number of employees, rather than exponential.
The point is, no C level executive has squared their performance metric, at least not in an individually attributable way, and especially if you consider the negative externalities those "performance gains" have introduced.