In my limited use I'd say the surface is a little less pleasantly tactile compared to the MBP, there is slightly more latency in initial response, and it is slightly more jerky when scrolling. The latter two feel mostly like driver issues. I am aware of people doing work on the drivers to get it a little closer to the feel of the MBP, but don't follow it too closely.
Hope that helps.
I love everything else. Better keyboard, spill resistant (I already spilled an entire cup of tea over it with no ill effects whatsoever; you can't do that with a Macbook), very solid build quality.
My only complaint are:
* trackpad not quite as good as Apple (though not terrible)
* ctrl and fn key are the wrong way around (why?!)
* specific for the X1E (at least with a 4k OLED screen): it drains the battery like crazy. The Carbon isn't as overpowered as the Extreme, so that's probably a solid choice if you want to be mobile, but my Extreme frequently has only 2 hours of battery life.