Top Biofuel Crops
auto.howstuffworks.com
auto.howstuffworks.com
This article is 1-2 steps above clickbait (as is, correct me if I'm wrong, the website itself) where someone was paid $50 to do internet research and write it.
Maybe more informed people can talk about it here anyway.
IMO a big chunk of what killed biofuels was the wrong choice of crop.
Biofuel for airplanes however will probably be around for a while. Unlike cars, airplanes are usually built to last for decades. It might be possible to fly planes fuelled by hydrogen or ammonia, but many of the planes currently flying today should still be flying in 2050 -- not necessarily a bad thing because building an airplane isn't exactly low-impact. Synthesizing jet fuel from plant matter is probably easier than starting from "scratch" (syngas).
EROEI of 1.07 from this metastudy for Corn Ethanol.
Society needs at least an EROEI of 3:1, so corn ethanol, at least, is a boondoggle.
Here's a study done by the USDA, published in 2016 and describing the state of the affairs in 2015
https://mnbiofuels.org/images/2015EnergyBalanceCornEthanol.p...
Bottom line: ignoring any carbon credits, the return on energy using the existing facilities in Iowa is 2.3 (page 14, bottom of 3rd column).
[1] https://www.buildinggreen.com/news-article/energy-return-inv...
BTW, I wanted to get into the biofuel business, but it only then occurred to me that ethanol production is equivalent to making distilled alcohol, which is a no-no for us muslims.
Switchgrass! The facilities required to produce algae must be extreme in comparison to a perennial grass that requires limited maintenance. I guess algae has higher energy density but, I think grass would be more cost effective.
Algae will win in the end though. Over time capital intensive solutions tend to win because you are not short on capital but land.
There were a lot of lab experiments going at the time of the commodity price spike (2005-2008), but I've heard nothing since. There always was this scepticism about captial cost, extraction cost, and contamination costs.
Edit: missed a word.