New planets confirmed in machine learning first

To be clear, there have been prior studies which have discovered exoplanets with machine learning. One example (cited in this paper) was from Chris Shallue at Google and Andrew Vanderberg at CfA, who discovered the first eight planet system in 2017 by training convolutional neural networks on light curve data. [1]

The authors explain their contribution to be:

> To date these [previous studies] have all focused on identifying [false positives] or ranking candidates within a survey. We build on past work by focusing on separating true planets from [false positives], rather than just planetary candidates, and in doing so probabilistically to allow planet validation.

To translate, these previous studies focused on identifying exoplanet candidates. In the early days of exoplanet research, these candidates were then followed up with more detailed observations to confirm that the candidate was a true planet.

With the advent of Kepler, there are now way too many candidates to get follow-up observations on all of them. So now exoplanets are "validated" by calculating the probability of a false positive. I am not in this field, but it seems that the most common algorithm to do this is called VESPA [2]. The contribution these authors make is to use a machine learning system for the validation process, i.e., calculating the probability that the candidate is a false positive.

[1]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.05044

[2]: https://github.com/timothydmorton/VESPA

That is nice to see that ML can be used for expanding our knowlede of space!

what was the data provided? if 50 were confirmed how many were false

*exoplanets